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The History of Journalism By Zoe Hällström

131 B.C.: Roman Emperor Julius Caesar encourages the sharing of news and events as a way to unite the community and share official announcements. News is written and shared on public boards in public areas.
1450 A.C.: The invention of the Gutenberg Press allows news to be printed and distributed quickly.
1665: The Oxford Gazette in England is the first regularly published newspaper.
1735: Printer John Paul Zenger was sued for "seditious libel" and wins, establishing the groundwork for Freedom of the Press.
1765: The Stamp Act required that newspapers and other printed materials be printed on paper that had a revenue stamp, for which printers had to pay. Colonists saw it as a way to control and censor newspapers.
1783: After the American Revolution, there was great debate about how to run the new government, and newspapers chose sides, creating partisan news outlets.
1830s: One cent newspapers democratized news consumption, thanks to the steam-power printing press that sped up printing considerably. At the same time, the "Dissident Press" developed, creating an outlet for women and minorities to be heard.
1846: Wire services developed to provide comprehensive coverage for papers who wanted to provide a worldview.
1860s: During the Civil War journalists began relying on the telegraph to relate news to their far away editors. It was expensive so reporters were direct and concise. This style of journalism eventually became known as the inverted pyramid. Other influences the war had on journalism was objectivity, photojournalism, war correspondence, and press credentials.
1887: Journalist Nellie Bly faked a mental illness to report undercover and expose conditions at a New York City asylum.
1920: A Detroit news station airs the first radio news broadcast.
1950s: Audiences make the transition from radio to television. TV becomes a powerful medium and celebrity journalists are born.
1970s: The country's anti-authoritative culture is reflected in newsrooms that take down the government for mismanagement. First, The New York Times published the Pentagon Papers, documents that exposed government lies about Vietnam. Then, Carl Bernstein and Bob Woodward, two young Washington Post journalists', coverage of Watergate led to the resignation of President Richard Nixon.
1990s: The Internet is born, democratizing the sharing of information.
2000s: The majority of people get their news online. Social media platforms grow in dominance and bloggers grow in numbers.
2010s: Mobile media is on the rise. Partisan media reflects the deep divide in the country and "fake news" becomes a household word.
Present: 93% of adults get their news online. The ubiquity of social media and online news means that people can get their news faster and in smaller pieces. Newsrooms take advantage of virtual reality and 360-style video to enhance their news coverage.
Created By
Zoe Hallstrom
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Created with images by MichaelGaida - "news daily newspaper press" • Skitterphoto - "julius caesar roman" • Heater - "Gutenburg Bible" • Heater - "Gutenburg Bible detail"

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