View Static Version
Loading

Fines Wool Manufactory Built circa 1812

This stone building was built over 200 years ago by the Fine Family as a Wool Manufactory. For 50 years, wool was spun, carded and woven into blankets at this location. Since then it has served many roles. It housed an edge tool factory in the later part of the 19th century. It was home to a blacksmith and wheel wright shop at the turn of the century. In 1919, the mill was converted for use by a fraternal lodge. Finally in 1951, the mill was transformed into a residence.
The road in front of Fines Wool Manufactory is the oldest continuously observed property line in the region, dating back to a survey done in 1715.
1715 Survey
It was no accident that this location became the site of an industrial village.
This area was rich in timber, iron ore and limestone deposits and had a river which could be put to work according to the Geological Map of New Jersey, George H. Cook, 1889.
In 1751, Samuel Morris built the first log dam at this location to channel the power of the Musconetcong river for his soon to be built Chelsea iron forge.
By the Revolutionary War the Chelsea Forge site was large enough to be noted on the map of the Province of New Jersey, Divided into East and West, in William Faden's Atlas of North America, 1777.
During its heyday, The Forge Site was a busy one with stone, frame and log dwellings,a saw mill, smith shops, barns, stables and counting houses. It has been documented that the forge was employed in making, among other things, cannon balls for George Washington's army.
Revolutionary War Era Cannon Ball
Over the years, sale advertisements for this property boasted of a "never-failing stream of water." However, the natural resources were not as infinite as the water power. They became depleted forcing the forge to close in 1790.
Tradition had it that there were religious meetings held near the forge as early as 1786. Baptisms were carried out in the Musconetcong at this site (a practice that continues today). Sermons were preached at Godley's School House, originally located just down the road.
Both Bishop Francis of Asbury and Abigail Roberts were noted as having preached in Finesville.
When Phillip and Christopher Fine purchased land on both sides of the river in 1809, The tavern associated with Chelsea Forge was one of the only structures still standing. The Fines built a grist mill where the forge once stood. They also rebuilt the dam, and slowly began building their village. The oil and saw mill soon joined the Grist mill on the south side of the Musconetcong.
HIstoric view of Fine's Grist Mill
On the north side of the river the brothers built a Wool Manufactory as well as other residential buildings and small businesses.
Painting of Finesville Entitled, Spring Equinox, by Dan Campanelli
By 1820, The Fine Wool Manufactory employed 6 adults and 4 children. They produced 3400 yards of wool fabric from 2100 pounds of raw wool, both merino and common. The wool was sold locally at general stores, but it was also sent as far away as Bethlehem and Allentown in the Lehigh Valley.
In 1820 America conducted its first Industrial Census, providing later generations with a clear picture of business being conducted in America at the time.
An engraving of a Wool Mill circa 1790
The Manufactory took the wool from "sheep to shawl" using dozens of machines including: 4 Carding Machines, 1 Picking Machine, 3 Spinning Machines, 1 Billey with 50 Spindels, 2 Jimmeys with 60 Spindels each, 3 Narrow Looms, 1 Board Loom, 2 Fulling Stocks 1 Press, and 1 Shearing Machine.
Spinning and carding machines of the era
Over the course of the next two decades the village grew. Its name changed several times from Newburgh to Spunktown, but by 1835 it had come to be known as Finesville. In addition to the Mills and tavern, there were 15 dwellings in town. the Lutherans, Presbyterians, Methodists and Christian Society members in town joined together to build the first church at the site where Godley's schoolhouse was.
Finesville Church
In 1848, Phillip Fine passed away, the entire town of Finesville was listed for sale giving us a better sense of the village. It included the largest merchant Mill (grist) situated in the County of Hunterdon, with a good corn kiln, an oil mill, plaster mill, cooper shop, wagon house,and sheds. On the northern side in Warren county: the large Woolen Manufactory, two dwelling houses, outbuildings, store house, 13 Building lots, lime kiln, quarry and mansion house.
1852 Map of Warren County
1848 Newspaper Advertisement listing the estate of Phillip Fine for sale
Around this time Isaac Fine took over the Wool Manufactory and changed its name to the Finesville Satinette Factory.
Isaac advertised his wool in both English and German Newspapers.
Finesville in 1860
In 1862, the Grist Mill on the far side of the river was converted into a paper mill by the Warren Manufacturing Company and the Riegel Corporation. In its first year the mill turned out one ton of newspaper daily. The company purchased the Satinette Factory at this time, marking the cessation of wool production.
The paper mill closed down in 1866 and Its operations moved down river to Riegelsville and up river to hughesville. In 1871, the Taylor Stiles company purchased the village and converted both mills into edge tool factories in the manufacture of knives.
This change in ownership resulted in a building boom in Finesville. Three years later there were 38 buildings in town including Warner's General Store. In addition a second Church was built by the Christian Society on land between Finesville and the next village to the east.
1874 Map of Finesville
In 1881 a February Flood wiped out the old wooden bridge at this site and it was replaced by a new iron structure.
***MILFORD LEADER***
By the 1880s, the building boom had slowed down. Although, Taylor & Stiles were still in business, the old tavern had closed. Finesville still had some thriving businesses. Isaac S. Laubach ran a lime burning business. There were two butcher shops, as well as Baylor's Boot and Shoe Shop. There were also two churches, a good school building and 35 to 41 dwellings.
Finesville circa 1910
The Wool Manufactory now housed Jacob Seyler's Wheel Wright Shop and Butler's Blacksmith Shop.
Butler's Blacksmith Shop
In addition to Warner's store another store was kept by John R. Cyphers. In 1889 a parsonage was built next to the Finesville Methodist Episcopal Church.
Historic images of some of Finesville's buildings.
In 1896, the iron bridge was once again destroyed by floods and replaced with the steel span bridge which still stands today.
1896 Finesville Bridge is the only known example of the work of G.M. Rusling, a New Jersey fabricator
Also in 1905 the downside of having a paper mill upstream in Hughesville was noted in the Milford Leader.
"LAST SUNDAY THE CREEK THAT RUNS THROUGH TOWN WAS COLORED RED FROM THE WASTE OF THE PAPER MILL ABOVE TOWN. WEEKDAYS IT RUNS A CHALKY WHITE, BEING NEITHER FIT FOR CATTLE OR FOR WASHING. THE FISH ONCE SO NUMEROUS IN THE STREAM HAVE ABOUT ALL BEING KILLED OFF BY THE POISONS."
Paper Mill up river from Finesville
In 1919, the old Wool Manufactory was converted into a lodge for the Improved Order of the Red Men, America’s oldest fraternal organization chartered by congress.
Fines Wool Manufactory circa 1919
The organization was founded in 1765 as a secret patriotic society working underground to establish freedom and liberty from British rule. Among their many acts was the 1773 Boston Tea Party. The Red Men used the mill for both their lodge meetings and as a community dance hall.
Photo of the Finesville Chapter of the Improved Order of the Redmen
Lapel ribbon from the Finesville Chapter of the Improved Order of the Redmen
In 1950 a concrete dam was constructed to power a new paper mill on the south side of the river. At this time, the old Wool Manufactory was converted into a residence.
Fine Wool Manufactory circa 1950
Little historic fabric remains of the industrial components of the wool mill today. The mill race and lower stories were filled in during the early part of the 20th century, and only the top edge of the race and the arched opening through which the waterwheel would have projected are visible. You can also see the shadow of the two story timber frame blacksmith and wheelwright building which used to be attached to the Mill building. It came down in the early part of the 20th century. Inside, there is one gear shaft, which served as part of the power train for the mill.
Details of the Wool Manufactory's original industrial components
In 2012, the dam was removed as a part of an initiative to return the river to its natural flow.
When Amy and Doug purchased this house in 1999, it had become quite run down. The stone work was covered in poorly applied modern stucco and it was coming off in sheets. There was a standing seam metal roof and a hodge podge of windows.
They have done a great deal of work to preserve the historic exterior of the mill while creating livable, eclectic interior spaces. The exterior restoration of the mill began in 2000 with the removal of the layers of modern plaster on the structure and the repointing of the fieldstone underneath. The standing seam metal roof was replaced by a period cedar shingle roof a few years later, and all of the windows were replaced with period reproductions in 2008.
The Fines Wool Manufactury Present Day

Thank You for visiting the Fine Wool Manufactory

Created By
Amy Hollander
Appreciate
NextPrevious