History of Southern Africa
Rise of Kingdoms
- Ivory, gold, copper, and other goods moved form the interior to the east coast.
Great Zimbabwe
- The capital was a city called Great Zimbabwe.
- Great Zimbabwe was abandoned in the 1400's, possibly because its growing population exhausted it water and food resources.
The Mutapa Empire
- The Portuguese arrived and took over the coastal trade in the 1500
- The Rozwi conquered the Mutapa's territory and ruled it until the early 1800's.
Other Kingdoms
- Shaka was killed in 1828.
- The Zulu leader Shaka united his people in the early 1800s to form the Zulu Empire in what is now South Africa.
European Colonies
- Around 1500, Portugal and other European countries began establishing settlements along the African coast.
Clashes in South Africa
- The Dutch became known as Boers.
The Union of South Africa
- In the 1860s the Boers discover diamonds in their territory.
Colonialism in Other Areas
- Mauritius and Seychelles were British colonies.
"Which European country claimed the most territory in South Africa in the 1800's?"
- The territories of Great Britain
Independence and equal rights
- In other places it was harder to achieve freedom.
The End of Portuguese Rule
- Revolts for independence broke out in Angola in 1961 and in Mozambique in 1964.
The Birth of Zimbabwe
- Rhodesia's African population demanded the right to vote.
Equal Rights in Southern Africa
- English South Africans controlled the government until the end of World War 2
- The new government leaders began enacting laws that created a system called a apartheid.
- In 1995 the new government created a truth and reconciliation commission.
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