1. Malaria is a serious and ancient disease caused by one-celled Plasmodium parasites.

2. Malaria is spread to humans by the bite of infected Anopheles mosquitoes.

3. There are five species of parasites that cause human malaria which are- Plasmodium falciparum, P. vivax, P. ovale, P. malaria, and P. knowlesi.

4. Malaria is a major problem in tropic and subtropic areas.

5. Worldwide, it afflicts about 250 million people every year, and its the deaths of about 900,000 people.

6. 3.2 billion people live in areas at risk of malaria transmission in 106 countries and territories.

7. The World Health Organization estimated that in 2015, malaria caused 214 million clinical episodes, and 438,000 deaths.

8. Malaria breeds mostly in warmer climates, where there is humidity and rain.

9. Malaria is a hot contagious disease.

10. The symptoms of malaria include periodic chills, fever, headache, and sweating.

11. Complications affecting the kidneys, liver, brain, and blood can be fatal.

12. The fever cycle has three stages: a stage with chills and uncontrollable shivering, a stage with a high temperature up to 105 degrees fahrenheit, and a stage with sweating that brings down the temperature.

13. Commonly, the destruction of red blood cells causes anemia.

14. In addition, dead cells may block blood vessels in major organs, often resulting in an enlarged spleen, kidney failure, and liver failure.

15. Symptoms: -High fever with shaking chills -Sweating when fever is dropping -Headache -Muscle aches -Nausea, vomiting

16. If Treatment is Delayed: -Brain tissue injury -Pulmanary edema -Kidney failure -Severe anemia -Yellow discoloration of skin -Low blood sugar

17. If not treated within twenty-four hours the disease can get worse leading to seizures, impairment of brain and spinal cord function, loss of consciousness and death.

18. African populations are extremely affected by malaria.

19. In 2015, there were 438,000 deaths from malaria globally, and about 306,000 of these were children under five years of age

20. Primary health care and community empowerment and involvement are critical for the success of malaria control and progress towards its elimination.

21. Health systems strengthening and malaria control have reciprocal beneficial effects.

22. Malaria episodes in pregnant women cause anemia and other complications in the mother and the newborn child.

23. Between 2000 and 2015, the estimated number of malaria cases declined by eighty-eight percent while malaria death rates declined by ninety percent in the Africa region.

24. People who have never had malaria infection, such as young children, travelers, and pregnant women, are more likely to have severe symptoms of malaria.

25. Malaria is most commonly found in Africa and parts of southeast Asia.

26. You can raise money for life-saving mosquito nets in Africa by hosting a basketball tournament.

27. In Africa, one child dies from malaria every minute.

28. Malaria exists in 103 countries worldwide.

29. In the United States, about 1,500 cases of malaria are found every year.

30. In 2012, 207 million clinical cases of malaria were recorded worldwide.

31. 627,000 cases were fatal.

32. Malaria infects an average of 200 million people each year.

33. Since 2000, malaria mortality rates have fallen forty-two percent globally.

34. About 1,500 cases of malaria are diagnosed in the United States each year.

35. Prevention is possible if you visit your primary care physician.

36. With proper treatment, symptoms of malaria usually go away quickly with a cure within two weeks.

37. Drugs to treat malaria - Chloroquine, quinine, hydroxychloroquine, atovaquone, proguanil, mefloquine, clindamycin, and doxycycline.

38. All the clinical symptoms associated with malaria are caused by the asexual erythrocytic or blood stage parasite.

39. Now you have innovative diagnostics, medicines, vaccines, vector control products, and improved mechanics for surveillance and response.

40. Malaria parasites began in 1880 with the discovery of the parasites in the blood of malaria patient by Alphonse Laveran.

41. The discoveries of Pasteur and Koch had precipitated a search for a bacterial cause for many diseases including malaria.

42. Despite all their accumulated knowledge and skills no malariologists could explain how the parasite spread from from one human to another.

43. The discovery of the role of mosquitoes in the transmission of malaria provided malariologists with a new weapon against this ancient disease.

44. The life cycle has humans, however, remained incompletely understood and nobody knew where the parasites developed during the first ten days or so after the infection during which they could no be seen in the blood.

45. It's already been noted that malaria-like parasites are commonly found in birds, mammals, and reptiles.

46. Malaria was eliminated from the United States in the early 1950's.

47. In the past four years the countries of Morocco, United Arab Emirates, Turkmenistan and Armenia have been certified by the World Health Organization as having malaria eliminated.

48. The product development pipeline for malaria has never been stronger.

49. Now there is promising new tools to detect, treat, and prevent malaria.

50. There are many ways to prevent malaria if you have the right treatment or care, but if not treated in at least 24 hours then you could possibly be dead.

51. In humans, the parasites grow and multiply first in the liver cells and then in the red cells of the blood.

52. Most deaths from malaria are are caused by P. falciparum, which causes severe disease.

53. Some infected blood cells burst because of the multiplying parasites inside.

54. Progress made in malaria control during the past decade prompted increasing global dialogue on malaria elimination and eradication.

55. There are at least twenty-five projects in the global malaria vaccine pipeline, as well as forty-seven medicines and thirteen vector control products.

56. There are several next-generation diagnostic tools and reference methods currently in development.

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