south africa

Landforms and bodies of water

  1. Southern Africa is bordered by the Indian Ocean on the east and the Atlantic Ocean on the west.
  2. The cape of good Hope at the southern tip of the continent is considered the place where the two oceans meet .
  3. four independent islands countries and two French island territories in the Indian Ocean off Africa's east coast.

LAND FORMS

  1. The plateau's outer edges form a steep slop called the Great Escarpment.
  2. The Kalahari Desert is a vast, sand-covered plateau that sits some three, thousand feet (914 m) above sea level.
  3. As the Great Escarpment follows South Africa's coastline, it forms the Drakensberg Mountains.

bodies of water

  1. Zambezi
  2. Limpopo
  3. Orange

q Which type of landform is common in Southern Africa?”Plateaus

climate

  1. A The Tropic of Capricorn crosses the middle of South Africa.
  2. Parts of Angola and Mozambique have humid subtropical climates, as do Malawi, Zambia, and northeastern Zimbabwe.

temperature zone

  1. Annual rainfall varies from 8 inches (20 cm) in some areas to 24 inches (61 cm) in others.
  2. Droughts are common; in some places, they lost for several years.

Desert regions

  1. Western South Africa, western Namibia, and much of Botswana are arid.
  2. Along the coast, the Mamiv gets very little rain.

q Why are temperatures in Southern Africa’s tropical countries generally not hot?” because of the higher elevation making temperatures cool.

q“What natural resources are found in Southern Africa, and why are they important?” Platinum, chromium, gold, diamonds, gems, coal, iron ore, uranium, and copper. They are important because they build a strong economy.

south Africa's resorces

  1. The Republic of South Africa has some of the largest mineral reserves in the world.
  2. This industry has attracted workers and investments from other countries that have helped South Africa's industry's grow.

energy RESOURCES

  1. Mozambque has large deposits of natural gas as well, as dose Angola.
  2. Angola is also one of Africa's leading oil producers.

minerals and other resources

  1. Namibia is one of Africa's richest countries in mineral resources.
  2. Malawi's most important natural resource is it's fertile soil.

wildlife

  1. Wildebeests, lions, zebras, giraffes, and meany other animals are found across the region.

q“How does deforestation affect the energy supply in the region?” When extra sediment enters the rivers which reduces the water flow and the electricity that the rivers produce.

lesson 2

history of south Africa

  1. Some lived as hunter-gatherers.

great Zimbabwe

  1. The capital was a city called Great Zimbabwe.
  2. As many as 20,000 people lived in the city and the surrounding valley.

the mutapa EMPIRE

  1. The Portuguese arrived and took over the coastal tread in the 1500s.
  2. They gradually gained control over the empire and forced it's people to mine gold for them.

other kingdoms

  1. Some of the early kingdoms were influenced by Arab and Muslim culture.
  2. In the early 1800s, one king allied with the British on the nearby island of Mauritius to prevent the French from taking control of Madagascar.

european colonies

  1. Around 1500, Portugal and other European countries began establishing settlements along the African coast

clashes in south Africa

  1. The Dutch became known as Boers, the Dutch word for farmers.

the union of south Africa

  1. The Boers were defeated and again came under British control.

colonialism in other areas

  1. European control in Southern Africa continued for about the next 80 years.

qWhich European country claimed the most territory in Southern Africa in the 1800s?” Britain

independence and equal rights

  1. french rule in Madagascar ended 1960, making it the first South Africa country to gain independents.

the end of portuguese rule

  1. While other European nations gave up their African colonies, Portugal refused to do so.

the birth of zimbabwe

  1. Rhadesia's African population demanded the right to vote.

equal rights in south africa

  1. They speak a language called Afrikaans, which gives them their name.
  2. In 1962 ANC leader nelson mandela was arrested and sentenced to life in prison.
  3. In 1993 a new constitution gave South Africans of all races the right to vote.

life in southern africa

  1. The population on Southern Africa is overwhelmingly black Africa.

population patterns

  1. Population depends heavily on geography and economics.
  2. Angola's rural areas are thus much more thinly populated than rural areas in South Africa.
  3. Large parts of Zanbiar thinly populated.

ethnic and culture groups

  1. African's are not a single people.
  2. About 4,000,000 Tswana from the major population group in Botswana.
  3. The Cheware Malawi's largest ethnic group.

religion and languages

  1. In almost every country, most of the people are Christians.
  2. Christianity was introduced to the region during the colonial era by Christen missionaries.

q What is the main religion practiced in Southern Africa?” Christianity

life in southern africa

  1. As in other regions of Africa, life differs from city to countryside.

URBAN life

  1. Although most people in the region of Southern Africa live in the countryside migration to city's grows because of job opportunities.

URBAN growth

  1. Outbreaks of sholera and other diseases have resulted from polluted water.
  2. Outside the central city are the white neighbourhood's where of the city's population live.
  3. Some black South African's have moved into thesis neighbourhood's scenic the end of apartheid.

family and TRADITION life

  1. Men often have more than one wife.
  2. They provide a house for each wife and their children.

q Where in their countries do most Southern Africans live?” In townships.

southern africa

  1. Southern Africa wealth of mineral, wildlife, and other resources may be the key to it's future.

health issues

  1. Life expectancy in Southern Africa is low.

disease

  1. Malaria, a tropical disease carried by mosquitoes, is a problem in several country's.
  2. So is tuberculosis.
  3. The huge number of AIDS orphans is a major social problem.

PROGRESS and growth

  1. Oil exports in angola and aluminium exports in Mozambique help finance this effort.
  2. Tourism at national parks has grown with the establishment of stable, democratic governments.

help from other COUNTRY's

  1. The united states has used economic aid to strengthen democracy in Southern Africa.
  2. Other country's and international organisations have also made huge investments in the region.

q Why is life expectancy in Southern Africa so low?” lack of good rural health care

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