PHRASEs

• A phrase is a group of related words that is used as a single part of speech and that does not contain both a verb and its subject, usually forming components of clauses.
• Example: He was waiting for the rain to stop.
• She was upset when it didn't boil.
• You have been sleeping for a long time.
• You might enjoy a massage.
• He was eager to eat dinner.

PREPOSITIONAL PHRASES

• A prepositional phrase includes a preposition, the object of the preposition, and any modifiers of that object.

Preposition

• They answer questions such as Which one? What Kind? How? Where? When? To what extent?
• A preposition is a word that shows the relationship of a noun or a pronoun to another word.
• Examples: of, to, for, with, on, at, from, by, about, as, into, like, through, after, over, between, out, against, during, without, before, under around among.
• Compound Prepositions: A preposition that consists of two or more words.
• Examples: according to, as to, aside from, because of, by means of, in addition to, in front of, in place of, in spite of, instead of, on account of, prior to.

Modifier

• Modifier: Adjective

Noun/Pronoun

• Noun: Person, place, thing, or idea
• Pronoun: Relative, Interrogative, Demonstrative, Indefinite, Personal , Reflexive, Intensive.

Gerund

• A word that can act as a verb, but is being used as a noun
• Examples: Reading helps you learn English
• The best thing for your health is not smoking.

Clause

• Clause: a group of related words containing a subject to tell the reader what the sentence is about, and a verb that tells the reader what the subject is doing
• Examples: When the saints go marching in
• because she smiled at him

Examples of Prepositional Phrases

• Which one: The flower in the vase is a peony.
• What kind: The umbrella with the polka-dots is Mary Anne's.
• Where: We will be going to the movies.
• When: My lunch period is after science.
• How: You are walking on your tiptoes.