Reverse Engineering can be a very dangerous thing to do so you have to be careful. There are many parts, and parts in those parts. The 6 most important parts are the film, the casing, the flash, the shutter, the lenses, the flash circuit board, and the gas cartridge.
The casing is plastic and protects all of the important parts of the inside of the camera, this also prevents light coming into the shutter before it opens.
The shutter controls how much light is exposed and since taking pictures is mainly about the light this piece is very useful
The film is where it stores all of it's pictures by light being reflected off of it.
The circuit board is like the brains, it triggers when the flash should go on and all the other things that need to go on
In the gas cartridge is filled with xenon gas that generates light and energy for the flash to work