Mountain Men in Oregon

1. Fur trappers were the first Americans to take up the challenge of living in the Oregon Country.
2. At first the fur traders traded to Native Americans and then others joined the the trading.
3. Over time the trappers had over trapped and had to start farming because they could no longer make a living off trapping.

What did America gain from the Adams-Onis Treaty?

From the Adams-Onis Treaty America gained a large amount of land in the Oregon Country from Russia and the Spanish.

Oregon and Manifest Destiny-Marcus and Narcissa Whitman

1. The Whitmans moved to the Oregon Country to build a mission.
2. They brought measles and killed many native americans and were killed.

Along the Oregon Trail

1. The Whitman massacre did little to stop pioneers on their way to Oregon.
2. In 1843 a thousand people made the trip to Oregon in covered wagon also known as schooners.
3. The trail snaked through the rocky mountains.

How did Polk's views differ from Clay's in the 1844 election?

Polk was set on getting the Oregon Country to add to the US territory.

Statehood for Florida and Texas

How did Florida become a State

Florida became a state when John Tyler signed the Florida statehood bill.

Florida

1. Spain transferred Florida to America on July 17, 1821.
2. Tallahassee became the territory capital in 1824.
3. Many people moved to Florida to start new farms.

The Territory Grows

1. In 1837 the census for the territory of Florida reported that 48,000 people lived there.
2. Florida's desire to enter the Union as a slave state caused some difficulty.

Statehood for Florida

1. When Iowa joined the Union as a free state Florida could join as a slave state.

What caused the population of Florida to grow

The population of Florida was over half enslaved people.

Texas

1. In 1821 Mexico won independence from Spain and controlled the now Texas.
2. The non-Native population of Texas was about 3000.
3. In 1830 Mexico issued a decree to close its border to immigration.

The Alamo

1. The Texans had only 180 men to take on Santa Anna's army of several thousand.
2. For 13 days the Texans kept the army at bay with rifle fire.
3. On March 6, 1836, Mexican cannon fire smashed the Alamo's walls, the Mexican army was too large to hold back and entered killing all the defenders.

Texas Becomes a State

1. Texans wanted to join the Uldnion but they kept getting annexed.
2. In 1845 Texas joined the Union as a slave state.

Why did it take a long time for the United States to annex Texas.

Andrew Jackson refused to annex texas because it would offset the balance of slave and free states.

War With Mexico

How did the Santa Fe Trail benefit the New Mexico Territory.

The trail was mostly flat so wagons could pass over the trail easily.

The New Mexico Territory

1. In the early 1800's the land called New Mexico was a vast region between the Texas and California territories.
2. Mexico including New Mexico won its independance from Spain in 1821.
3. They made a trail and called it the Santa Fe Trail and it was flat enough to where wagons could pass through easily.

How did William Becknell influence the American settlement of New Mexico.

William Becknell made the Santa Fe Trail and used wagon to supply equipment to the New Mexico territory.

California's Spanish Culture

1. Spanish explorers and missionaries from Mexico settled California in the 1700s.
2. In the 1840s, more Americans reached California and claimed it as a American Territory.

Conflict Begins

1. Polk was determined to get California from mexico.
2. Slidell could offer $30 million for California and New Mexico as long as Mexico agreed that the Rio Grande would be the border between the two countries.
3. They refused and we sent an army to pressure them but they attacked us.

A War Plan

1. Polk planned to achieve victory by accomplishing three goals.
2. Zachary Taylor accomplished the first, and General Stephen Kearney made progress towards the second.

California's Uprising

1. Before the war the Americans in California were creating an uprising.
2. Mexico refused to give up even though they lost New Mexico, California, and Texas.l

Peace Terms

1. Defeated on February 2, 1848, Mexico's leaders signed the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo.
2. WIth Oregon and the Mexican states under the U.S. flag we had finally won.

What did America gain from the Mexican War

From the Mexican War America gained three new states.

California and Utah

How did the discovery of gold help California

It brought so many people in that California could declare statehood

California Gold Rush

1. When gold was discovered at Sutter's Mill in 1848, people from all over the world traveled to California in search of riches.
2. Americans made up about 80 percent of the forty-niners.

The Californios

1. The Mexicans living in California were called Californios.

The Life of a Forty-Niner

1. Most forty-niners had no experience in mining.
2. The California Gold Rush more than doubled the world's supply of gold.

Gold Rush Society

1. Lonely and suffering hardships, many men spent their free hours drinking, gambling, and fighting.

Economic and Political Progress

1. The gold rush brought the need for a better government to the area.

How did the California Gold Rush lead to the expansion of cities

It brought many people in and they set up boom towns that made small cities huge

A Religious Refuge in Utah

1. While the gold rush was taking place, in Utah Mormons were setting up a new church.

The Mormons Move On

1. The founder of the Mormon Church was Joseph Smith.
2. Smith formed a community in New York by neighbors despised of it.
3. Mormons were being terrorized and finally in 1844 Smith was killed.

A Haven in the Desert

1. The mormon migration began in 1846 and 12,000 mormons were making the trek.
2. They settled in the desert where many had failed but they made the desert florus.
3. In 1860 after Utah was claimed an American territory the mormon state wanted to be added but there were some complications.

Why did the Mormons have to keep moving from one place to another

The Mormons had to keep moving from one place to another because of their beliefs and how people did not like the beliefs they had