29 Nov 2019 2019 年11月29日
China mixing military and science in Arctic push – Denmark
中国在北极的推进中混合着军事与科学——丹麦
COPENHAGEN (Reuters) - China’s military is increasingly using scientific research in the Arctic as a way into the region, a Danish intelligence service said on Friday, as it warned of intensifying geopolitical rivalry in the Earth’s freezing North.
哥本哈根（路透社）-丹麦一家情报机构周五警告大家，在地球寒冷的北部地区，地缘政治竞争将加剧时说，中国军方越来越多地利用北极地区的科学研究作为进入该地区的途径。
Disputes in the Arctic over global warming and access to minerals broke into the open in May when U.S. Secretary Mike Pompeo accused Russia of aggressive behaviour in the polar region and said China’s actions must be watched closely.
今年5月，美国国务卿蓬佩奥（Mike Pompeo）指责俄罗斯在北极地区的侵略行为，并表示必须密切关注中国的行动，北极地区有关全球变暖和获取矿产的争端由此公开化。
“A great power play is shaping up between Russia, the United States and China, which is increasing the level of tension in the (Arctic) region,” the Defence Intelligence Service said in its annual risk assessment report.
国防情报局在其年度风险评估报告中说：“俄罗斯、美国和中国之间正在形成一场巨大的权力博弈，这正在加剧（北极）地区的紧张程度。”
China, which defines itself as a ‘near-Arctic state’, has an ambition to gain greater access to untapped resources and faster trade through the Northern Sea Route.
中国将自己定义为一个“接近北极的国家”，它有雄心壮志，希望通过北海通道获得更多的未开发资源和更快的贸易。
In 2017, Beijing included Arctic sea routes in its so-called Belt and Road Initiative, which seeks to strengthen China’s ties to the rest of the world through infrastructure projects and research.
2017，北京在所谓的“一带一路倡议”中加入了北极航线，旨在通过基础设施项目和研究来加强中国与世界其他地区的联系。
China has in recent years invested heavily in Arctic research. But Danish Defence Intelligence Service chief Lars Findsen said on Friday that Chinese research expeditions in the Arctic are not just a matter of science but serve a “dual purpose.”
近年来，中国在北极研究方面投入了大量资金。但丹麦国防情报局局长拉尔斯·芬德森（Lars Findsen）上周五表示，中国在北极的研究探险不仅是科学问题，而是具有“双重目的”。
“We have looked at Chinese research activities in the Arctic, and see that the Chinese military is showing an increasing interest in being part of that,” he said.
他说：“我们观察了中国在北极的研究活动，发现中国军方对参与其中的兴趣越来越大。”
Findsen declined to name specific research expeditions involving the Chinese military, but said examples in recent years signalled a “new development”.
芬德森拒绝透露涉及中国军方的具体研究项目，但他表示，近年来的一些例子标志着“新的开发”。
“It is likely that a part of China’s build-up of knowledge about the Arctic and capacity to operate in the Arctic will take place in a collaboration between civilian and military actors,” the report said.
报道说：“中国对北极知识和在北极运作能力的积累，很可能有一部分是在民间和军方的合作下进行的。”
Denmark has made it a priority to maintain the Arctic as an area of international cooperation and resolve any potential issues through political negotiations between countries with Arctic territory. Greenland, a vast island straddling the North Atlantic and Arctic oceans, is a self-ruling part of Denmark.
丹麦将北极作为国际合作的一个区域，并通过北极领土国家之间的政治谈判解决任何潜在问题作为优先事项。格陵兰岛横跨北大西洋和北冰洋，是丹麦自治的一部分。
But Denmark’s goal has become harder to achieve as Russia in particular is strengthening its military capabilities there, the intelligence report said.
但情报报告说，丹麦的目标已经变得更难实现，因为特别是俄罗斯正在加强其在那里的军事能力。
“This is an essential driving force for several other Arctic coastal states starting to strengthen their (own) regional military capabilities,” it said.
它说：“这是其他几个北极沿岸国家开始加强其（自己）区域军事能力的重要推动力。”。
The report also said a new U.S. Arctic strategy published in June this year combined with public comments from high level government and defence officials, have also contributed to heightened tension in the region.
报告还说，美国今年6月公布的北极新战略，加上政府高层和国防官员的公开评论，也加剧了该地区的紧张局势。
Increased U.S. interest in the Arctic became apparent in August when President Donald Trump suggested buying Greenland from Denmark, an idea quickly dismissed by the Danish and regional Greenland governments.
今年8月，美国总统特朗普（Donald Trump）建议从丹麦购买格陵兰岛，这一想法很快被丹麦和格陵兰地区政府 驳回，美国对北极的兴趣明显增强。
Reporting by Nikolaj Skydsgaard and Jacob Gronholt-Pedersen; additional reporting by Stine Jacobsen; Editing by Mark Heinrich and Gareth Jones
Nikolaj Skydsgaard and Jacob Gronholt-Pedersen报道；Stine Jacobsen补充报道；Mark Heinrich and Gareth Jones编辑
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