新闻来源：Asian Review《日经亚洲评论》；作者：Lauly Li, Cheng Ting-Fang and Kenji Kawase；发布时间：July 21, 2020 / 2020年7月21日
翻译/简评：Beicy-数学老师；校对：leftgun；审核：InAHurry；Page：拱卒
简评：
中美脱勾正在加速运行中，华盛顿又将11家中共国科技公司列入黑名单。这篇新闻报道重点介绍了苹果手机的关键供应商，欧菲光集团(O-Film) 的一些背景信息: 侵犯人权，对维吾尔族少数民族强制性劳役; 依靠政府大量补贴，超低价格抢占国际供应链市场。从中，我们也看到了苹果公司只看利润，维护中共国血汗工厂的丑恶嘴脸。
正如郭文贵先生反复警醒我们的: 美国一些企业赚取脏钱，无视CCP对中国人民的残酷剥削与镇压，其双手粘满了鲜血。全世界只有重拾信仰，而不是金钱至上，才能拯救我们自己。
原文：
Washington blacklists key Apple supplier amid US-China decoupling
O-Film among 11 companies accused of involvement in forced labor of Uighur minorities
中美脱钩 - - 华盛顿将苹果手机关键供应商列入黑名单
欧菲光(O-Film) 等11家公司被指控参与对维吾尔族少数民族强制性劳役
TAIPEI/HONG KONG -- Washington has blacklisted a key Apple supplier as part of its latest crackdown on Chinese tech companies, a move that is expected to shake up consumer electronics supply chains and hasten the ongoing decoupling of the world's two largest economies.
台北/香港报道---- 华盛顿已将一家苹果手机的关键供应商列入了黑名单，作为其最近对中共国科技公司打击行动的一部分，此举预计将动摇电子产品消费供应链，并加速全球两个最大经济体之间的继续脱钩。
Camera and touch module supplier O-Film Group was one of 11 Chinese companies added to the U.S. Commerce Department's Entity List on Monday over alleged human rights abuses involving China's Uighur Muslim minority. The Shenzhen-listed O-Film is a rising star in the consumer electronics and automobile supply chains, and supplies a wide range of American companies, including Microsoft, HP, Dell, General Motors and Amazon, as well as Apple. It also counts Samsung Electronics, Huawei Technologies, Oppo and Sony as clients.
摄像头和触摸模块供应商欧菲光集团(O-Film Group)是周一被美国商务部列入实体名单的11家中国公司之一，该公司涉嫌侵犯了中国维吾尔族少数群体的人权。在深圳上市的欧菲光是电子消费和汽车供应链中的后起之秀，为包括微软，惠普，戴尔，通用汽车，亚马逊和苹果在内的众多美国公司提供产品。它的客户还有三星电子，华为技术，Oppo和索尼。
But the Commerce Department has named O-Film's subsidiary in Nanchang in connection with the forced labor of Uighurs and other Muslim minority groups in western China. Companies added to the Entity List must apply for special licenses if they wish to access American technologies. Shares of O-Film dropped nearly 4% on Tuesday in Shenzhen following the U.S. government's announcement, while the overall market rose 0.65%.
但是，美国商务部已点名欧菲光(O-Film) 在南昌的子公司参与了对维吾尔族和中国西部其他穆斯林少数民族的强制性劳役。如果要获取美国技术，添加到“实体列表”中的公司必须申请特殊许可。美国政府宣布上述消息后，欧菲光(O-Film) 股价周二在深圳下跌近4％，而当天整体市场上涨0.65％。
Two other companies added to the Entity list on Monday -- Tanyuan Technology and KTK Group, both listed in Shanghai -- are also part of the global consumer electronics supply chain. Tanyuan produces heat-dissipating materials for smartphones, tablet and laptop computers, while KTK has stepped into smartphone manufacturing in India.
周一被列入实体名单的另外两家公司---- 潭源科技(Tanyuan Technologies) 和KTK集团都在上海上市, 也都是全球电子消费供应链的一部分。潭源科技生产用于智能手机，平板电脑和笔记本电脑的散热材料，而KTK已涉足印度的智能手机生产。
Washington's latest move could significantly impact multinational and U.S. companies' choice of suppliers and even change the tech supply chain's competitive landscape in the longer term, according to market watchers, even though American companies are not legally prohibited from procuring from blacklisted companies, so long as the business activities do not involve the exporting or reexporting of U.S. technologies.
市场观察家认为: 华盛顿的最新举动可能会极大地影响跨国公司和美国公司对供应商的选择，从长远来看甚至会改变科技供应链的竞争格局。尽管从法律上讲，只要商业活动不涉及美国技术的出口或再出口，美国公司并没有被禁止从黑名单上的公司进行采购。
"The U.S. move reiterates that American companies should reduce their engagement with Chinese companies in the long run," Chiu Shih-fang, a senior smartphone and supply chain analyst at Taiwan Institute of Economic Research, told the Nikkei Asian Review. "Tech companies will have to weigh the risks before continuing their business relations with companies that are blacklisted by the U.S. government."
台湾经济研究所智能手机和供应链高级分析师邱世芳(Chiu Shih-fang) 在接受《日经亚洲评论》采访时说：“美国的举动再次强调了美国公司在长远上应减少与中共国公司的交往。 科技公司今后在与被美国政府列入黑名单的企业继续业务关系时，不得不首先权衡风险。”
Founded in 2002, O-Film became part of the Apple supply chain in 2017, first for iPads and later for iPhones, proving it could meet the California company's rigorous demands for quality. O-Film has since become a formidable competitor to leading tech suppliers, such as Foxconn-owned Sharp of Japan and LG Innotek in camera modules and Taiwan's TPK-Holding in touch-screen module components. The company's market cap is around 51.5 billion yuan ($7.36 billion), well above Sharp's $5.95 billion, according to Thomson Reuters.
欧菲光(O-Film) 成立于2002年，于2017年成为苹果供应链的一部分，最初是为iPad提供支持，后来又为iPhone提供支持，这证明了它可以满足这家加利福尼亚公司对质量的严格要求。此后，欧菲光(O-Film) 已成为领先技术供应商的强大竞争对手，这些技术供应商包括富士康旗下的日本夏普公司(Sharp), 相机模块领域的LG Innotek, 以及台湾触摸屏模块组件的TPK-Holding。汤森路透（Thomson Reuters）的数据显示: 该公司的市值约为人民币515亿元（合73.6亿美元），远高于夏普的59.5亿美元。
"Apple is dedicated to ensuring everyone in our supply chain is treated with dignity and respect," an Apple spokesperson told Nikkei. "When we learned of the allegations from ASPI earlier this year, we immediately took additional actions and began a detailed investigation with our suppliers. We have found no evidence of any forced labor on Apple production lines and we plan to continue monitoring."
苹果公司发言人告诉日经新闻：“苹果致力于确保我们供应链中的每个人都享有尊严并得到尊重。当我们从今年早些时候得知ASPI的指控时，我们立即采取了进一步的行动，并开始与供应商进行详细调查。我们没有发现在苹果生产环节上有任何强迫劳动的证据，而且我们计划继续监察这一问题。”
"We have worked with O-Film for several years and have regularly conducted detailed audits of their facilities," said the spokesperson, adding: "Most recently, we dispatched independent third-party investigators to their facilities in March and we conducted additional surprise audits in June and July. These teams investigated hiring practices, verified employee documentation and conducted extensive independent interviews with workers in local languages."
苹果公司发言人说：“我们与欧菲光(O-Film)合作已经有好几年了，并定期对其工厂进行详细审核。最近，我们于3月向其生产部门派遣了独立的第三方调查团队，而且在6月和7月进行了额外的突击审核。这些团队调查了员工雇用的实际情况，核实了员工文档，并以当地语言对工人进行了广泛的独立采访。”
Apple CEO Tim Cook visited one of O-Film's factories back in December 2017 and praised the company's tech expertise and work culture, according to a press release on O-Film's official website. The press release quoted Cook as saying Apple "will forge a closer collaboration with O-Film in the future."
根据欧菲光(O-Film) 官方网站上的新闻稿，苹果公司首席执行官蒂姆·库克（Tim Cook）于2017年12月访问了欧菲光(O-Film) 的一家工厂，并赞扬了该公司的技术专长和工作文化。该新闻稿援引库克的话说，苹果“未来将和欧菲光(O-Film) 建立更紧密的合作关系”。
"O-Film has become a crucial camera module supplier for Apple over the years," Jeff Pu, an tech analyst with GF Securities, said. "O-Film could tell Apple, its major customer, that its production lines do not involve forced labor. But the addition to the U.S. trade blacklist could still impact its future engagement with U.S. clients such as Apple and its share of orders in the future."
广发证券(GF Securities) 的技术分析师Jeff Pu说：“多年来，欧菲光(O-Film) 已成为苹果公司至关重要的相机模块供应商。欧菲光(O-Film) 可以告诉主要客户苹果公司，其生产线不涉及强迫劳动。但是被加入美国贸易黑名单仍可能影响其与苹果公司等美国客户的未来业务往来，以及将来的订单份额。”
O-Film currently supplies front-end camera modules, and dual-camera modules for upcoming 5G iPhones, and splits orders with Cowell of South Korea, Sharp and Foxconn, according to Pu.
Pu表示，欧菲光(O-Film) 正在为苹果公司即将推出的5G手机提供前端摄像头模块和双摄像头模块，并与韩国的Cowell，夏普和富士康分享了这一订单。
Three out of the four O-Film facilities supplying Apple are located in Nanchang, where the company's blacklisted subsidiary is located, according to Apple's latest available suppliers list released in 2019. It is not clear if the subsidiary operates any of the facilities supplying the Cupertino-based tech giant.
根据苹果公司在2019年发布的最新供应商名单，向苹果公司供货的四家欧菲光(O-Film) 公司的设施中有三家位于南昌，而该公司被列入黑名单的子公司就在南昌。目前尚不清楚该子公司是否经营着为这家总部位于Cupertino的科技巨头提供产品。
Like many other Chinese tech companies, including Tanyuan Technologies and national display champion BOE Technology, O-Film is heavily subsidized by central and local governments. The company said on July 1 it has received 36 million yuan in subsidies from the Shenzhen City Government and on June 4 announced it will build a 3D optical sensing research and development center in Hefei with local government support for land, infrastructure and funding.
像许多其他中共国的科技公司一样，例如潭源科技(Tanyuan Technologies) 和京东方科技(BOE Technology) ，欧菲光(O-Film) 收到了中央和地方政府的大力补贴。该公司于7月1日表示已从深圳市政府获得了3600万元人民币的补贴，而在6月4日，公司宣布会在合肥市地方政府对土地，基础设施和资金的支持下，在那里建设3D光学传感研发中心。
Despite O-Film's rise in the supply chain, its net profit declined nearly 40% from 823 million yuan in 2017, when it entered the Apple supply chain, to 510 million yuan last year. And in December last year, it was punished by the Shenzhen Stock Exchange for not accurately disclosing its financial statements. Still, the company was recently recognized as one of the outstanding contributing enterprises in the Guangming District of Shenzhen for 2019.
尽管欧菲光(O-Film) 在供应链中的排名有所上升，但其净利润从2017年进入苹果供应链时的8.23亿元人民币下降至去年的5.1亿元人民币，降幅近40％。去年12月，该公司因未准确披露其财务报表而受到深圳证券交易所的处罚。尽管如此，该公司最近仍被公认为是2019年深圳市光明区杰出贡献企业之一。
Tanyuan, whose main clients are Samsung, Huawei, Vivo and Oppo, slipped to a net loss of 40.9 million yuan last year as the company expanded into developing new materials to deal with 5G phones.
潭源科技(Tanyuan Technologies) 的主要客户是三星，华为，Vivo和Oppo。去年，该公司净亏损为4090万元人民币，原因是该公司扩展了业务，开始开发可用于处理5G手机的新材料。
KTK, meanwhile, is facing delays in its plans to start smartphone production in India. The company, which is planning to spend $98.8 million on its India project, said the basic construction for the facility outside New Delhi is complete, but the start of operations has been postpones from the second to the third quarter of 2020. KTK has blamed the coronavirus pandemic, which is hitting India particularly hard. The delay also comes amid rising tensions between India and China, including a recent deadly border clash.
与此同时，KTK集团正在延迟在印度开始生产智能手机的计划。该公司表示其计划在印度项目上花费9880万美元，而且位于新德里以外工厂的基本建设已经完成，但运营开始已从2020年第二季度推迟到第三季度。KTK指责冠状病毒大瘟疫对印度计划的打击尤其严重。此外，印度和中共国之间的紧张局势加剧，包括最近的致命边界冲突，也造成了这一延迟。
O-film, Tanyuan and KTK did not immediately respond to Nikkei's request for comments. Microsoft, HP, Dell and Amazon were also contacted but did not respond as of publication time.
欧菲光(O-Film)，潭源科技(Tanyuan) 和KTK集团没有立即回应日经新闻的评论请求。我们还与微软公司(Microsoft)，惠普公司(HP)，戴尔电脑(Dell) 和亚马逊(Amazon)进行了联系，但截至发稿时未得到回应。
编辑：【喜马拉雅战鹰团】Edited by：【Himalaya Hawk Squad】