Rivalry in the northwest

1. The Oregon Country was a huge area located north of California, between the Pacific Ocean and the Rocky Mountains.
2. In the early 1800s, four nations claimed the vast, rugged land known as the Oregon Country.

Adams-Onis Treaty

1. many Americans wanted control of Oregon in order to gain access to the Pacific Ocean.
2. Dealing with Great Britain was more complicated.

Moutain Men in Oregon

1. Fur traders had been the first Americans to take up the challenge of living in the Oregon Country.
2. At first the fur mechants traded with the Native Americans.
3. Over time, the mountain men could no longer make a living by trapping.

what did americans gain from Adams-Onis treaty? Britain refused, and countries extended the joint occupation.

Oregon and Manifest Destiny Marcus and Narcissa Whitman

1. Among the first settlers were Dr, Marcus Whiteman and his wife, Narcissa.
2. The new settelers unknowling brought measles to the misson.

Along the Oregon trail

1. The Whiteman massacre was a shocking event, but it did little to stop the flood of pioneers on their way to Oregon.
2. Drawn by reports of fertile Oregon land, and driven by economic hard times in the East, many americans took to the trails.
3. These pioneers were called emigrants-people who leave their home country -because they left the United States to go to Oregon.

America Seeks its Manifest Destiny

1. Since colonial times, many americans had believed their nation's mission should be to serve as a model of freedom and democracy.
2. In the 1800s that vision changed.
3. Many belived that the nation's mission was to spread freedom by settling the entire continent.

Fifty-four Forty or Fight

1. Many Americans wanted the United States to take over all of Oregon.
2. Polk's Whig opponent, Henry Clay, did not take a strong position on the Oregon issue.
3. A firm believer in Manifest Destiny, Polk was focused on acquiring Oregon.

LESSON 2 Statehood for florida and texas

florida

1. when Spain transferred Florida to the united states on july 17, 1821, Florida became an American territory.
2. Tallahasse became the territorial capital in 1824.
3. many planters from Virginia, Georgia, and the Carolinas had worn out their soil within years of heavy use.

The Territory grows

1. in 1837 the census for th territory of florida reported that 48,000 people lived there.
2. congress had to wait until another territory was ready to become a free state.

statehood for Florida

1. Iowa finally emerged as a free state canidate

• q what caused the population of Florida to grow?
• a slaves were free

Texas

1. In 1821 Mexico won independence from spain.
2. At first Mexico encoraged Americans to settle in texas.
3. in 1835 conflict grew violent.

The Alamo

1. the texans had only about 180 solidiers to take on santa anna's army of several thousand.
2. the texans did have brave leaders, however, including folk hero davy crockett, commander william b. travis, and a tough Texan named jim bowie.
3. on march 6, 1836, Mexican cannon fire destroied the alamo wall.

texas declares its independence

1. they then established the republic of texas.
2. texan leaders set up a temporary government.

The lonestar republic

1. andrew jackson, however, refused their request.
2. for the moment, texas would remain an independant country.

texas becomes a state

1. many texans wanted to join the united states.
2. the situation changed with the 1844 presidentual campain

why did it take a long time for the united states to annex texas

mexico

lesson 3 war with mexico

how did the santa fe trail benefit the new mexico territory

it was an invasion route

the new mexico territory

1. In the early 1800s, the land called new mexico was a vast region between texas and california territories.
2. mexico including new mexico won its independence from spain in 1821.
3. other americans soon followed Becknell.

1. how did william becknell influence the american settlement of new mexico becknell was the first to settle in new mexico

californias spanish culture

1. spanish explorers and missionaries from mexico settled california in the 1700s.
2. after mexico won independence from spain in 1821, california became a mexican state.

conflict begins

1. relations between two countries were not friendly.
2. polk sent a representative, john slidell, to mexico to propose a deal.
3. the united states would also pay what mexico owed to american citizens.

a war plan

1. polk planned to defeat mexico by accomplishing three goals
2. by 1847, Zachary taylor had accomplished his first goal.

california's uprising

1. they were encouraged by american general john c. fremont.
2. on june 14, 1846 the americans declared california idependent.

Peace terms

1. Mexico accepred the rio grande as its boarder with texas.
2. In return, the united states paid mexico $15 million and assumed $3.25 million in debts mexico owed american citizens

what did americans gain from the mexican war? land between texas and california

lesson 4 california and utah

california gold rush

1. when gold was discovered at sutter's mill in 1848, people from all over the world traveled to california in search of its riches.
2. Americans have made up about 80 percent of forty-niners.

the californios

1. the treaty also guaranteed them rights to their lands

the life of a forty-niner

1. as people rushed to a new area to look for gold, they established new comunities.
2. towns and small cities appered over night.

gold rush society

1. minig camps contained men of all backgrounds but few women.

economic and political progress

1. the gold rush had lasting effects on california.

how did the california gold rush lead to expansion of cities? miners hurried to other places and set up communities.

a religious refuge in utah

1. while the gold rush was in california, change was also taking place in nearby utah.

the mormons move on

1. smith hoped to use his visions to build an ideal society.
2. smith formed a community in new york, but neibors disapproved of the mormons religion and forced them to leave.
3. still, the mormons continued to suffer persecution, or mistreatment because of their beliefs.

a haven in the desert

1. the mormon migration begn in 1846.
2. in 1847 the mormons finally reached the great salt lake.
3. at first it was difficult for the settlers.