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在香港,争取政治自由也是争取生殖正义 【中英对照翻译】

新闻来源:hkfp《香港自由新闻》;作者:Shui-yin Sharon Yam;发布时间:2020年8月23日/23 August 2020

翻译/简评:Cathy;校对:1818;审核:海阔天空;Page:草根 文人

简评:

文中着重指出由于《国安法》的实施,对香港的言论的压迫越来越重,许多香港人感到没有安全感,更为自己子女的未来担忧,因此香港的人口出生率越来越低。人们必须在参与抗争运动和成为父母/养育子女之间做出选择。这是一个完全不必要的,非常悲哀的选择。由此可见国安恶法对香港人深深的伤害,不仅在这一代人,更延伸到子女后代。人权、环境、安全,健康,包括生殖正义都被中共邪恶政权所践踏,还有什么是它们不敢触碰的呢?唯有加速灭共,世界才有和平与安宁,否则说不定你所在的地方就会成为下一个香港。

原文翻译:

Hong Kong’s fight for political freedom is also a fight for reproductive justice

香港争取政治自由的斗争也是争取生殖正义的斗争

Since the raid on Apple Daily and Next Digital, journalists in Hong Kong have worried that they would be targeted and prosecuted under the national security law (NSL). Photojournalist Laurel Chor tweeted: “After Jimmy Lai’s arrest, I wondered whether I should freeze my eggs in case I am in jail for the remainder of my fertile years.”

自从《苹果日报》“壹传媒”(NextDigital)遭到突然搜查以来,香港的记者一直担心他们会成为《国家安全法》(NSL)的目标并被起诉。摄影记者劳雷尔·乔(Laurel Chor)在推特上说:“在黎智英被捕后,我想知道我是否应该冷冻卵子,以防在监狱里度过我的育龄岁月。”

Back in June, before the implementation of the law, Sebastian Skov Andersen and Joyce Leung interviewed several Hongkongers, who explained that they recently decided not to have children because they feared they would be subjected to an oppressive government and an education system that stifles intellectual freedom.

早在六月,在《国安法》实施之前,塞巴斯蒂·斯科·安德森霍伊斯(Sebastian Skov Andersen)和梁诺思(Joyce Leung)采访了几位香港人,他们解释说,他们最近决定不生孩子,因为他们担心自己会受到来自压迫性政府和扼杀思想自由的教育制度的(负面)影响。

Photo: KH/United Social Press. 照片:KH/社媒

Put differently, these Hongkongers did not believe that their children would have a safe future in the city, and hence they would rather not have any. Their reluctance is reflected in the most recent statistics: the Census and Statistics Department reported on August 13 that the birth rate in Hong Kong has hit a record low since 2005.

换句话说,这些香港人不相信他们的孩子在香港会有一个安全的未来,因此他们宁愿没有任何孩子。在最近的统计数字中也反映了他们的不情愿:政府统计处8月13日报告说,香港的出生率自2005年以来已创历史新低。

These stories highlight that the crisis in Hong Kong is not only a matter of political freedom, but also a form of reproductive injustice that infringes upon human rights.

这些故事突出表明,香港的危机不仅是一个政治自由问题,也是侵犯人权的生育不公义。

In 1994, a group of Black women activists in the US created the concept of reproductive justice that refers to our right to have children or not have children, and to parent the children we have in safe and sustainable communities free from individual and state violence. Rooted in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, activists argue that reproductive justice is a human right that should be afforded to everyone, especially marginalised people and communities whose well-being and safety are constantly under threat.

1994年,美国的一群黑人妇女活动家创造了生殖正义的概念,该概念指的是我们有权生孩子或不生孩子,以及我们有权在安全和可持续的社区中养育孩子,免受个人和国家暴力。根据《世界人权宣言》,活动人士认为,生殖正义是一项人权,应给予每个人,特别是处于边缘地位的人民和社区,(因为)他们的福祉和安全不断受到威胁。

Understanding Hongkongers’ struggles through the lens of reproductive justice, hence, allows us to advocate for the pro-democracy movement not merely as a partisan political project, as pro-establishment politicians and commentators often suggest, but as a human rights issue that warrants transnational attention.

因此,理解香港人通过生殖正义的视角进行的斗争,使我们能够倡导支持民主运动,这不仅是如建制派政治家和评论人经常指出的那样是一个党派政治运动,而且是一个值得跨国关注的人权问题。

Photo: May James/HKFP. 照片: May James/香港自由新闻

Hongkongers’ concerns over the future of their children under the NSL should they have any illustrate their anxiety and fear as state suppression and violence intensifies. The sweeping reach of the draconian NSL means that Hongkongers can no longer exercise their right to parent in a safe environment free of state violence and persecution.

随着国家镇压和暴力的加剧,香港人对子女在《国安法》统治下前途的担忧,应该能说明他们的焦虑和恐惧。严厉的《国安法》的全面覆盖意味着香港人不能再在没有国家暴力和迫害的安全环境中行使他们作为父母的权利。

In fact, Hongkongers’ rights to have children and to parent safely were threatened even before the imposition of the NSL. During last year’s protests, from June to December, Hong Kong police fired over 10,000 rounds of tear gas, sometimes in confined indoor spaces. The chemical affected up to 88% of the Hong Kong population.

事实上,香港人的生儿育女和安全养育孩子的权利,甚至在实施《国安法》之前就受到了威胁。去年的抗议活动中,从6月到12月,香港警方发射了超一万发催泪弹,有时是在封闭的室内空间。 这种化学物质影响了高达88%的香港人口。

Some residents feared that their pregnancies would be affected because there has been evidence that dioxins in tear gas could harm foetal development and lead to miscarriages.

一些居民担心他们的怀孕会受到影响,因为有证据表明催泪弹中的二恶英会损害胎儿的发育并导致流产。

Meanwhile, those who already have children feared their children could be harmed by tear gas residues in playgrounds and on school grounds. Research in fact confirms that children are uniquely susceptible to the harmful effects of tear gas. Amidst the government’s attempt to suppress dissent at all costs, Hong Kong parents and children have become collateral damage.

同时,那些已经有孩子的人担心他们的孩子可能会因为操场和学校场地上催泪弹的残留物而受到伤害。事实上,研究证实,儿童特别容易受到催泪弹的有害影响。在政府不惜一切代价压制异见的行动中,香港的父母和孩子已经成为附带受害者。

Protesters throw tear gas canisters at the Tsim Sha Tsui police station on August 11, 2019. 抗议者于2019年8月11日在尖沙咀向警察局投掷催泪弹。

Since the NSL deters all street protests, tear gas is no longer a primary threat to Hongkongers’ health and safety. However, under the new law reproductive injustice takes on a different and more insidious form. Implicating almost everyone who dares challenge Beijing and the existing status quo, the NSL creates a diffused atmosphere of fear and uncertainty. Chor’s harrowing tweet at the beginning highlights the threat which the NSL poses to her reproductive future as a journalist.

由于《国安法》阻止了所有街头抗议,催泪弹不再是香港人健康和安全的主要威胁。然而,在新的《国安法》管理之下,生育不公义以一种不同和更隐秘的形式存在。《国安法》涉及几乎所有敢于挑战北京和现有现状的人,并制造了一种弥漫着恐惧和不确定性的气氛。乔在文首的令人痛心的推特强调了《国安法》对她作为记者的生殖未来构成的威胁。

Journalists who refuse to succumb to state pressure are not the only ones who have to worry about their safety and reproductive choices. As the government prosecutes more people under NSL, and an increasing number of pro-democracy activists and lawmakers report being harassed by state agents, Hongkongers must choose between silence and the possibility of life imprisonment.

拒绝屈服于国家压力的记者并非唯一不得不担心其安全和生育选择的人。随着政府在《国安法》下起诉更多的人,越来越多支持民主的活动家和立法者报告说受到国家特工的骚扰,香港人必须在沉默和终身监禁的可能性之间做出选择。

This dilemma, in turn, constricts Hongkongers’ reproductive choices because, if offered a choice, no one would willingly choose to become parents under such pervasive fear of persecution. Under NSL, activism and the right to have and parent one’s children safely are incompatible with each other.

这一两难困境反过来限制了香港人的生育选择,因为,如果提供了选择,没有人愿意在如此普遍的迫害恐惧下选择成为父母。在《国安法》制度下,参与维权和安全拥有和养育子女的权利是相互不相容的。

Photo: May James/HKFP. 照片:May James/香港自由新闻

Prior to the passage of NSL, as a diasporic Hongkonger based in the US, I had been speaking and writing publicly in support of Hong Kong’s pro-democracy struggle from a relative position of privilege and safety. The broad scope of NSL has forced me to confront the extent of my commitment to the democratic movement in relations to my reproductive choices.

在《国安法》通过之前,作为一个旅居在美国的香港人,我一直在公开演讲和写作,以从相对特殊和安全的位置支持香港民主斗争。《国安法》的范围很广,迫使我不得不面对关系到我生育选择和对民主运动承诺的程度。

I realized that I am brave enough to advocate for the movement so openly using my real name because I do not have and do not plan to have children. Otherwise, my grave concern about the well-being and safety of my family would deter me from being such a vocal advocate.

我意识到我有足够的勇气,可以公开地使用我的真名来倡导这场运动,因为我没有也不打算生孩子。 否则,我对家庭福祉和安全的严重关切将使我不敢成为如此大声疾呼的倡导者。

Since reproductive injustice is grounded in universal human rights, seen through this lens the current situation in Hong Kong constitutes a human rights violation. State violence and persecution undermines Hongkongers’ reproductive freedom by taking away their sense of safety and by rendering the environment hostile to families.

由于生育不公义是以普遍人权为基础的,从这一角度来看,香港目前的状况构成了对人权的侵犯。国家暴力和迫害破坏了香港人的生育自由,剥夺了他们的安全感,形成了对家庭充满敌意的环境。

More importantly, by making anti-authoritarian advocacy a dangerous endeavour, the NSL forces Hongkongers to choose between pursuing activism and protecting the well-being of their children and family. The NSL, hence, does not only take away Hongkongers’ political freedom, but it also takes away their autonomy to exercise reproductive decisions without fear.

更重要的是,通过使反抗专制宣传运动成为一项危险的努力,《国安法》迫使香港人在追求参与维权和保护其子女和家庭的福祉之间做出选择。因此《国安法》不仅剥夺了香港人的政治自由,而且也剥夺了他们在没有恐惧的情况下行使生育决定的自主权。

编辑:【喜马拉雅战鹰团】Edited by:【Himalaya Hawk Squad】