Transverse
An example of a transverse wave would be the "wave" in a stadium. In a transverse wave, energy moves to the right.
Amplitude
the max displacement of a pulse/wave
Wavelength (λ)
the distance from crest to crest or trough to trough.
Crest
the highest point of a wave
Trough
the lowest point of a wave
Longitudinal
An example of a longitudinal wave is a sound wave. One wavelength of a longitudinal wave is compression to compression or rarefaction to rarefaction.
Compression
the part of the wave that is close together and at high pressure
Rarefaction
the part of the wave that is far apart and at low pressure
Credits:
Created with images by NeuPaddy - "wave atlantic pacific" • mac_ivan - "Wave"