新闻来源：ABC Net《ABC新闻（澳大利亚广播公司）》；作者：political editor Andrew Probyn and political reporter Matthew Doran / 政治编辑Andrew Probyn和政治记者Matthew Doran；发布时间：13 SepSeptember 2020 / 2020年9月13日

翻译/简评：Linda Black；校对：1818；审核：海阔天空 ；Page：拱卒

简评：

澳大利亚ABC新闻报道，中共国军方企业振华公司在国际上的信息收集范围非常广泛，在商业，科技和演艺界所有可能被中共利用的个人信息都被收集，并交给了中共的国家安全部使用。这严重违反了各国的个人数据保护法律，同时也使个人的人身安全受到了威胁。在信息开放的网络世界，中共一如既往地一面筑起网络防火墙，加强对国内人的网络监控，言论控制；一面在西方国家利用互联网的漏洞和AI技术来非法收集各种信息。可能每个“在它们看来有利用价值或未来可能有利用价值”的人的私人信息在中共的数据库种都被详细记录了，这也是中共“蓝金黄”中的“蓝”——互联网及媒体的全球控制。

这个邪恶的政党这么做的目的是什么？是为了在全球建立一个可由中共来控制的大一统国度。

我不禁要对西方的民主国家提出一个问题：为什么中共国不开放它自己的网络，至今没有一个国家可以在中共境内拥有信息独立的服务器？中共要求所有人必须把数据交给中共国家，但是中共却在世界各地建立计算机服务器来大肆收集个人信息？

西方民主自由的国家对中国的友好和善意，却被中共反过来以极端恶意和损害对方利益的手段来回报。 要让邪恶的中共停止对世界的损害，只有世界各国正义力量团结起来，尽快把中共进行依法审判并彻底消灭。

原文翻译：

China's 'hybrid war': Beijing's mass surveillance of Australia and the world for secrets and scandal

中共的“混合战争”：对澳大利亚和世界的大规模监控以获取秘密和丑闻

Key points:

• 2.4 million names and profiles are on the database, including more than 35,000 Australians
• The company which created the database has links to China's government and military
• The leak raises further questions about the spread and scope of China's intelligence gathering operations

文章要点：

• 数据库中有240万个姓名和资料，其中包括3,5000多名澳大利亚人。
• 创建数据库的公司与中共国政府和军方有关联。
• 此次数据的泄露引发了对中共情报收集行动的范围和深度的进一步质疑。

A Chinese company with links to Beijing's military and intelligence networks has been amassing a vast database of detailed personal information on thousands of Australians, including prominent and influential figures.

一家与北京军事和情报网有关的中共国公司，一直在收集着一个包含数千名澳大利亚人的详细个人信息的庞大数据库，其中包括知名人物和有影响力的人物。

A database of 2.4 million people, including more than 35,000 Australians, has been leaked from the Shenzhen company Zhenhua Data which is believed to be used by China's intelligence service, the Ministry of State Security.

深圳振华数据公司泄漏了一个包含240万人信息的数据库，其中包括35,000多澳大利亚人的信息，据信，该数据库已被中共国情报部门国家安全部使用。

Zhenhua has the People's Liberation Army and the Chinese Communist Party among its main clients.

振华的主要客户包括中共国人民解放军和中国共产党。

Information collected includes dates of birth, addresses, marital status, along with photographs, political associations, relatives and social media IDs.

收集的信息包括出生日期，地址，婚姻状况以及照片，所在政治协会，亲属和社交媒体ID。

It collates Twitter, Facebook, LinkedIn, Instagram and even TikTok accounts, as well as news stories, criminal records and corporate misdemeanours.

振华整理了推特Twitter，脸书Facebook，领英LinkedIn，Instagram甚至抖音TikTok的账户信息，也包括新闻报道，犯罪记录和公司不当行为等。

While much of the information has been "scraped" from open-source material, some profiles have information which appears to have been sourced from confidential bank records, job applications and psychological profiles.

尽管大部分信息都是从公开资料中“搜刮”的，但某些个人档案中的信息似乎来自机密的银行记录，工作申请文档和心理（咨询）档案。

The company is believed to have sourced some of its information from the so-called "dark web".

据信该公司已经从所谓的“暗网”中获取了一些信息。

One intelligence analyst said the database was "Cambridge Analytica on steroids", referring to the trove of personal information sourced from Facebook profiles in the lead up to the 2016 US election campaign.

一位情报分析师表示，该数据库是“打了类固醇兴奋剂的剑桥分析有限公司（Cambridge Analytica）”，指的是该公司在2016年美国大选前夕从脸书Facebook个人资料中收集的大量个人信息。

But this data dump goes much further, suggesting a complex global operation using artificial intelligence to trawl publicly available data to create intricate profiles of individuals and organisations, potentially probing for compromise opportunities.

但是，这种数据转储的范围更广，表明这是一个综合性的全球行动，即使用人工智能来查阅可公开获取的数据，以创建复杂的个人和组织档案，（企图）探寻（利用这些信息使对方）妥协让步的机会。

The database has been shared with an international consortium of media outlets in the US, Canada, United Kingdom, Italy, Germany and Australia, comprising the Australian Financial Review and the ABC.

该数据库已与美国，加拿大，英国，意大利，德国和澳大利亚的国际媒体联盟共享，该联盟包括《澳大利亚金融评论》和美国广播公司（ABC）。

The media consortium sought comment from Zhenhua, but received no reply.

国际媒体联盟向振华征求评论，但未收到任何回复。

The company's chief executive Wang Xuefeng, a former IBM employee, has used Chinese social media app WeChat to endorse waging "hybrid warfare" through manipulation of public opinion and "psychological warfare".

该公司首席执行官王雪峰（曾任IBM员工）已使用中共国社交媒体应用程序微信，通过操纵舆论和“心理战”来支持发动“混合战争”。

Of the 35,558 Australians on the database, there are state and federal politicians, military officers, diplomats, academics, civil servants, business executives, engineers, journalists, lawyers and accountants.

在数据库中的35,558名澳大利亚人中，有州和联邦的政治人物，军官，外交官，学者，公务员，企业高管，工程师，新闻工作者，律师和会计师。

They range from the current and former prime ministers, to Atlassian billionaires Mike Cannon-Brookes and Scott Farquhar, and business figures David Gonski and Jennifer Westacott.

从现任和前任首相到阿特拉先（Atlassian）公司创始人亿万富翁迈克·坎农·布鲁克斯（Mike Cannon-Brookes）和斯科特·法夸尔（Scott Farquhar），以及商界人物戴维·贡斯基（David Gonski）和珍妮弗·韦斯塔科特（Jennifer Westacott），不一而足。

But there are 656 of the Australians featured on the list as being of "special interest" or "politically exposed". Exactly what the company means by either of these terms is unexplained, but the people on the list are disparate in occupation and background, and there seems little to no explanation in who has made the list.

但是，有656名澳大利亚人被列入“特别利益”或“政治曝光”名单。振华数据公司使用这两个术语的确切意图无法解释，但是名单上的人员在职业和背景上是完全不同的，这里没有任何解释是谁列出了名单。

The list includes current Victorian Supreme Court Judge Anthony Cavanough, retired Navy Admiral and former Lockheed Martin chief executive Raydon Gates, former ambassador to China Geoff Raby, ex Tasmanian Premier Tony Rundle and former foreign minister Bob Carr.

名单上包括现任维多利亚州最高法院法官安东尼·卡瓦诺（Anthony Cavanough），已退休的海军上将，洛克希德·马丁公司前首席执行官雷登·盖茨（Raydon Gates），前驻华大使杰夫·拉比（Geoff Raby），前塔斯马尼亚州总理托尼·伦德尔（Tony Rundle）和前外交部长鲍勃·卡尔（Bob Carr）。

Singer Natalie Imbruglia features in this list, along with One Nation co-founder David Oldfield, National Party President Larry Anthony, former treasurer Peter Costello's son Sebastian, ex-Labor MP Emma Husar, News Corp journalist Ellen Whinnett and rural businesswoman and ABC director Georgie Somerset.

歌手娜塔莉·恩布鲁格里亚（Natalie Imbruglia），“一个民族”的联合创始人戴维·奥尔德菲尔德（David Oldfield），国家党主席拉里·安东尼（Larry Anthony），前财政部长彼得·科斯特洛（Peter Costello）的儿子塞巴斯蒂安（Sebastian），前工党议员艾玛·赫萨尔（Emma Husar），新闻集团新闻记者艾伦·温尼特（Ellen Whinnett），乡村女商人和美国广播公司（ABC）董事乔治·萨默塞特（Georgie Somerset）等人物都出现在名单中。

But it also has some Australians with a criminal past, including self-proclaimed Perth sheikh Junaid Thorne, Geelong accountant and fraudster Robert Andrew Kirsopp and ex-TEAC boss Gavin Muir who died in 2007 just weeks before he faced court for dishonesty offences.

但同时也有一些有犯罪记录的澳大利亚人，包括自称珀斯阿拉伯酋长朱尼德·索恩（Junaid Thorne），吉朗会计师和骗子罗伯特·安德鲁·科索普（Robert Andrew Kirsopp）以及前蒂雅克（TEAC）公司老板加文·缪尔（Gavin Muir），他在2007年因犯不诚实罪而面临法庭审判，并死于（宣判的）几周前。

The database was leaked to a US academic based in Vietnam, Professor Chris Balding, who until 2018 had worked at the elite Peking University before leaving China citing fears for his physical safety.

该数据库被泄露给驻越南的美国学者克里斯·巴尔丁（Chris Balding）教授，克里斯·巴尔丁（Chris Balding）教授一直在北京大学工作到2018年，他后来离开中共国的理由是担心自己的人身安全。

"China is absolutely building out a massive surveillance state both domestically and internationally," Professor Balding told the ABC.

巴尔丁教授对澳大利亚广播公司（ABC）说：“中共国绝对正在国内和国际上建立一个大规模的监控国家（机器）。”

"They're using a wide variety of tools — this one is taken primarily from public sources, there is non-public data in here, but it is taken primarily from public sources.

“他们正在使用各种各样的工具-这个工具主要是从公共来源那里获取信息，（虽然）里面也有非公开的数据，但（数据库里的）信息主要是公共来源。

"I think it speaks to the broader threat of what China is doing and how they are surveilling, monitoring and seeking to influence… not just their own citizens, but citizens around the world."

“我认为这说明了中共国正在做的事情以及他们如何监视，监控和企图去影响……不仅是（对）他们自己的公民，而且是（对）全世界的公民（来说），是更大的威胁。”

Professor Balding has returned to the United States, leaving Vietnam after being advised it was no longer safe for him to be there.

巴尔丁教授（Professor Balding）已经离开越南返回美国，因有人建议那里对他来说已不再安全。

It was also a grave risk taken by the person who leaked the database to him, who contacted him as he started publishing articles about Chinese tech giant Huawei.

将泄露数据库给巴尔丁教授（Professor Balding）的人也冒着巨大的风险，这个人在巴尔丁教授开始发表有关中共国科技巨头华为的文章时和他取得了联系。

"We've worked very hard to make sure that there are no links between me and that person, once I realised what had been given to me," he said.

他说：“一旦我意识到他给我的是什么，我们就很努力的确保在我和他之间没有任何关系。”

"They are still in China. But hopefully I think they will be safe."

“他们仍然在中共国。但我希望他们会安全。”

'Collection nodes' scattered around the world, one likely in Australia

“收集节点”散布在世界各地，一个可能在澳大利亚

Professor Balding gave the database to Canberra cyber security company Internet 2.0 which was able to restore 10 per cent of the 2.4 million records for individuals.

巴尔丁（Balding）教授将该数据库提供给了堪培拉网络安全公司Internet 2.0，该公司能够为个人恢复240万条记录中的10％。

Internet 2.0's chief executive Robert Potter said Zhenhua had built the capacity to track naval vessels and defence assets, to assess the careers of military officers and catalogue the intellectual property of China's competitors.

Internet 2.0公司首席执行官罗伯特·波特（Robert Potter）表示，振华已经建立了跟踪海军舰艇和国防资产，评估军官职业和对中共国竞争对手的知识产权进行分类的能力。

"This mass collection of data is taking place in China's private sector, in the same way Beijing outsources its cyber attack capability to private subcontractors," Mr Potter told the ABC.

波特先生（Mr Potter）告诉澳大利亚广播公司（ABC）：“大量数据的收集是在中共国私营部门进行的，就像北京将其网络攻击外包给私人分包商一样。”

"In the process, the company has violated the privacy of millions of global citizens, the terms of service of just about every major social media platform and hacked other companies for their data."

“在此过程中，该公司侵犯了全球数百万公民的隐私，侵犯了几乎每个主要社交媒体平台的服务条款，并骇客了其他公司以盗取其数据。”

Of the 250,000 records recovered, there are 52,000 on Americans, 35,000 Australians, 10,000 Indian, 9,700 British, 5,000 Canadians, 2,100 Indonesians, 1,400 Malaysia and 138 from Papua New Guinea.

在恢复的25万条记录中，有5万2千名美国人，3万5千名澳大利亚人，1万名印度人，9千7百名英国人，5千名加拿大人，2千1百名印度尼西亚人，1千4百名马来西亚人和138名来自巴布亚新几内亚的人。

There are 793 New Zealanders profiled in the database, of whom 734 are tagged of special interest or politically exposed.

数据库中记录了793名新西兰人，其中734名被标记为“特殊利益”或“政治曝光”。

Zhenhua boasts it has about 20 "collection nodes" scattered around the world to vacuum enormous amounts of data and send back to China. Two of the nodes have been identified as being in Kansas in the United States and the South Korean capital Seoul. The Australian node has not been detected.

振华拥有遍布全球约20个“收集节点”，吸取数量庞大的数据并将其发送回中共国。已确定其中两个节点位于美国的堪萨斯州和韩国首都首尔。澳大利亚节点尚未被检测到。

The military sector appears to be of particular interest to the company. The database tracks promotion prospects of officers and political networks.

该公司似乎对军事部门特别感兴趣。该数据库跟踪官员的晋升前景和政治网络。

In one instance, the career progression of a US naval officer was closely monitored and he was flagged as a future commander of a nuclear aircraft carrier.

举一个例子，一位美国海军军官的职业发展受到了密切监控，他被标记为未来的核航空母舰司令。

"The company… boasts that it has 20 information collection centres spread around the world," Clive Hamilton from Charles Sturt University said.

查尔斯特大学（Charles Sturt University）的克莱夫·汉密尔顿说（Clive Hamilton）：“该公司…夸口说，它在全球设有20个信息收集中心。”

"This suggests that there's almost certainly one in Australia. So that means somewhere in Australia, there is a Chinese state-owned company that is sucking up data from across Australia and feeding it into China's intelligence service.

“这就几乎肯定，其中有一个在澳大利亚。因此，这意味着在澳大利亚某个地方，有一家中共国国有公司正在从整个澳大利亚吸收数据，并将其输送倒中共国的情报部门。

"Well, where is that centre? And if we can find it, shouldn't we close it down? It would appear to be violating all kinds of laws."

“那么，那个信息收集中心在哪里？如果我们能找到它，我们不就应该关闭它吗？它似乎违反了各种法律。

Professor Hamilton said the wide range of people named in this database provided serious cause for concern.

汉密尔顿教授（Professor Hamilton）说，该数据库中收集人士的范围之广泛引起了人们的严重关切。

"If you're a 14-year-old daughter of a politician, then we now know that China's intelligence service is monitoring your social media commentary, and recording pieces of information that are of interest or may be of interest in the future," he said.

“如果您是一个政治家的14岁女儿，那么我们现在知道中共国的情报部门正在监视您的社交媒体评论，并把这些有利用价值或在未来可能有利用价值的信息记录下来。” 他说。

"So it really is quite sinister in the way that China is targeting so many aspects of society in a country like Australia for sucking up and storing this intelligence, and using artificial intelligence in a exceptionally sophisticated way."

“因此，中共国把目标对准像澳大利亚这样的国家，以极其复杂的方式针对社会的许多方面吸收和存储这种情报，并利用人工智能技术，这确实是非常邪恶的。”

Concerns of aggressive intelligence gathering operations

对侵略性情报收集活动的担忧

A Five Eyes intelligence officer, who uses the pseudonym Aeneas, has pored over the data, and described the technique as "mosaic intelligence gathering" — sourcing vast tracts of information from a wide variety of sources.

化名为艾涅阿斯（Aeneas）的五眼联盟情报人员仔细研究了数据，将该技术描述为“马赛克情报收集”，即从各种各样的来源中获取大量的成片状信息。

"The individual pieces of intelligence are like tiles in a mosaic, which make sense when they are arranged the right way," Aeneas said.

艾涅阿斯（Aeneas）说：“单个的情报就像是马赛克中的瓷砖，当它们以正确的方式排列时才有意义。”

He argued it was a different way to collect information than how many western agencies went about their work.

他认为这种收集信息的方式与许多西方机构开展工作的方式不同。

"For example, we had a long-running penetration operation inside a Chinese diplomatic post," Aeneas said.

艾涅阿斯（Aeneas）说：“例如，我们在一个中共国外交机构内部进行了长期的渗透行动。”

"You'd think we would have collected on everyone, but we didn't.

“您认为我们应该收集到每个人的资料，但是我们没有。

"Not everyone inside the post was an intelligence operator for the other side.

“并非该部门内的每个人都是另一边的情报人员。

"We collected thoroughly on their spooks and stringers, but unless someone in the post was a possible source for us, we left them alone."

“我们通过密探和线人尽可能多地收集情报，但除非有人可能为我们提供信息源，否则我们就不再继续收集与他有关的情报。”

Australia's fledgling space industry is also of some interest to Zhenhua.

振华还对澳大利亚刚刚起步的航天工业感兴趣。

Queensland's Gilmour Space Technology, founded by banker Adam Gilmour, has been closely profiled by the company — so much so that every board member of the company has been profiled in the database.

由银行家亚当·吉尔默（Adam Gilmour）创立的昆士兰州吉尔默太空技术公司（Gilmour Space Technology），被振华公司详细地记录了其公司概况-信息非常详细，以至于该公司的每个董事会成员的个人档案都被记录在数据库中。

Zhenhua went looking for everyone in Australia with the surname Gilmour to probe the company.

振华寻找了每一个姓氏为吉尔默（Gilmour）的澳大利亚人来搜寻这家公司的信息。

The discovery of Zhenhua's core business, known as the Overseas Key Information Database, or OKIDB, will fuel concern about China's aggressive intelligence gathering operations.

振华核心业务的发现，即海外关键信息数据库（Overseas Key Information Database）或OKIDB，将加剧人们对中共国侵略性情报收集活动的担忧。

It also presents a challenge to domestic cyber defence, given the likely presence of other hostile computer servers in Australia trawling public source data.

鉴于在澳大利亚可能有其它有恶意的计算机服务器到处网罗公开的数据，这也给澳大利亚国内网络防御带来了挑战。

Zhenhua Data, established in 2018, is believed to be owned by China Zhenhua Electronics Group which in turn is owned by state-owned China Electronic Information Industry Group (CETC), a military research company which had an association with the University of Technology Sydney until 2019.

振华数据成立于2018年，据信归中共国振华电子集团所有，而振华电子集团又由国有的中共国电子信息产业集团（CETC）拥有。中共国电子信息产业集团（CETC）是一家军事研究公司，该公司在2019 年之前与悉尼科技大学有合作关系。

编辑：【喜马拉雅战鹰团】Edited by：【Himalaya Hawk Squad】