新闻来源：The Guardian 《卫报》；作者：Jennifer Rankin

翻译/简评：InAHurry； 校对：孙行者； Page: 拱卒

简评：

据英国卫报报道，欧盟委员会第一次公开指责中共国是在欧盟散布有关冠状病毒（中共病毒）虚假消息的幕后黑手。虽然欧盟委员会这次公开指责了俄罗斯和中共国两个国家，但欧盟高层这样直接地公开批评中共国还是第一次。

与欧盟对中共国的公开指责不谋而合的是，美国斯坦福大学网络观察学院在11日发布的中共国网络白皮书中也印证了中共国水军在网络上散布各种假消息的行为。斯坦福大学的研究报告研究了推特宣布关闭的23，750个来自中共国的账号。研究发现冠状病毒正是这些水军账号关注的其中一个焦点（其他焦点分别是：郭文贵，香港和台湾）。

不少欧盟国家在这次中共病毒的大爆发中损失惨重，因此欧盟对中共国态度日趋强硬，这一点儿也不奇怪。事实上，欧盟对中共国一直过于迁就，害怕坚守原则会引来中共在经济上的报复。这次欧盟委员会公开指责为中共为虚假消息的幕后黑手希望不会再次只停留于口头。欧盟政要应该好好学习一下班农先生和文贵先生对超限战的解读，透过网络上新冠病毒虚假信息泛滥的现象看到它其实是中共向民主世界展开的超限战的一部分这个事实。更重要的是，欧盟需要摒弃对川普总统不必要的偏见，和美国联手灭共。

原文：

EU says China behind 'huge wave' of Covid-19 disinformation

欧盟指责新冠病毒虚假信息“汹涌”的幕后黑手是中共

Brussels shifts position by accusing Beijing for first time of running false campaigns

布鲁塞尔转变立场，首次指责北京搞虚假宣传

China has been accused by Brussels of running disinformation campaigns inside the European Union, as the bloc set out a plan to tackle a “huge wave” of false facts about the coronavirus pandemic.

在欧盟制定了一项计划以解决有关冠状病毒大流行的汹涌的虚假事实之后，布鲁塞尔指责了中共国在欧盟内部进行虚假宣传活动。

The European commission said Russia and China were running “targeted influence operations and disinformation campaigns in the EU, its neighbourhood, and globally”. While the charge against Russia has been levelled on many occasions, this is the first time the EU executive has publicly named China as a source of disinformation.

欧盟委员会说，俄罗斯和中共国正在“欧盟、欧盟邻国和全球范围内开展有针对性的影响行动和虚假信息活动。”虽然（欧盟）已经多次针对俄罗斯提出指控，但这是欧盟行政部门首次公开指责中共国是虚假信息的来源。

French politicians were furious when a Chinese embassy website claimed in mid-April, at the height of Europe’s pandemic, that care workers had abandoned their jobs leaving residents to die. The unnamed Chinese diplomat also claimed falsely that 80 French lawmakers had used a racist slur against the head of the World Health Organization, Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus.

四月中旬，在欧洲疫情最严重的时候，中共国驻法大使馆的一个网站声称，（在法国）有护理人员放弃工作任由居民自生自灭，法国政客曾为此非常愤怒。这位未透露姓名的中共国外交官还谎称，有80名法国立法者对世界卫生组织负责人谭德赛使用了种族主义的污言秽语。

“I believe if we have evidence we should not shy away from naming and shaming,” Vĕra Jourová, a European commission vice-president, told reporters. “What we also witnessed is a surge in narratives undermining our democracies and in effect our response to the crisis, for example the claim there are secret US biological laboratories on former Soviet republics has been spread by both pro-Kremlin outlets, as well as Chinese officials and state media.”

“我相信如果我们有证据，就不应该羞于点出他们的名字，让他们感到羞耻，”欧盟委员会副主席Vĕra Jourová这样告诉记者，“而且我们还看到有海量的试图破坏我们民主制度、事实上就是破坏我们对危机的反应的舆论。例如，美国在前苏联有秘密生物实验室的说法，既被亲克里姆林宫的媒体传播，也被中共国官员和国家媒体传播。

“I strongly believe that a geopolitically strong EU can only materialise if we are assertive,” Jourová said, alluding to the aim of the European commission’s president, Ursula von der Leyen, for the body to have more clout on the world stage.

Jourová说：“我坚信，只有当我们态度强硬时，才能实现一个在地缘政治上强大的欧盟。”她这是暗指欧盟委员会主席Ursula von der Leyen的目标是让欧盟在世界舞台上拥有更大的影响力。

The more assertive stance marks a change in tone from a report in March which merely described Chinese media narratives, while focusing the spotlight on disinformation from Kremlin-backed sources. It comes after lawmakers in the European parliament accused the commission of watering down an earlier report on disinformation under pressure from China – charges EU officials strongly denied.

更加强硬的立场标志着与3月份的一份报告相比，（欧盟的）基调发生了变化：3月的报告仅仅描述了中共国媒体的舆论，但却把焦点集中在了克林姆林宫所支持的虚假信息上。而此前欧盟议会的立法者就曾指责欧盟委员会在中共国的压力下淡化了早先的一份关于虚假信息的报告，尽管欧盟官员强烈否认了这一指控。

Confirmed deaths of Covid-19 for selected countries

一些国家确认的Covid-19死亡人数

EU member states are grappling with how to deal with China on a range of fronts, from foreign policy and security, to the economy. The commission described China as a “systemic rival” in a 2019 report that was seen by many member states as marking a watershed in how the EU deals with an increasingly aggressive government in Beijing.

欧盟成员国正在努力解决如何在从外交政策和安全到经济等一系列方面与中共国打交道的问题。欧盟委员会在2019年的一份报告中把中共国描述为一个“系统性的竞争对手”，这被许多成员国认为是欧盟如何应对日益咄咄逼人的北京政府的一个分水岭。

The EU commission also issued an implicit rebuke to Donald Trump, as it noted the harmful effects of his bizarre suggestions about injecting bleach to treat coronavirus. Without naming the US president, a commission document stated that such false claims can be “very harmful”, noting that Belgium’s Poison Control Centre has recorded an increase of 15% in the number of bleach-related incidents.

欧盟委员会还对川普总统发出了含蓄的指责说他关于注射漂泊剂治疗冠状病毒的怪异建议会产生有害的影响。在没有点名美国总统的情况下，欧盟委员会的文件指出，这种错误的说法可能造成非常有害的结果，并指出比利时的中毒控制中心已经记录到与漂白剂有关的事件数量增加了15%。

Jourová repeated her praise of Twitter for putting a factchecking tag on two of Trump’s recent tweets, while saying she would like to see a similar approach taken by social media companies on other false information. “Be it the president, be the diplomats, be it me…. when we [politicians] say something we have to be accountable and we should be able to stand that somebody goes and checks the facts.”

Jourová再次赞扬了推特在给川普最近的两条推文上挂上“事实核查”的标签的做法，同时她表示希望看到社交媒体公司对其他虚假信息采取类似的做法：“不管是总统，还是外交官，还是我…,当我们（政客）说一些话时，我们必须负责任，我们应该能够忍受有人去核查事实。”

The commission has encouraged social media companies to sign a voluntary code of practice on disinformation, while threatening regulation if they fail to act. The latest report steps up demands on platforms to be more transparent in sharing data with researchers and intensify work with independent fact checkers. “I would not like the platforms themselves to be the arbiters of truth,” Jourová said.

欧盟委员会鼓励社交媒体公司签署一份自觉杜绝虚假信息的行为守则，并且威胁说，如果他们不采取行动，就会受到监管。最新的报告提高了对平台的要求，要求社交媒体在与研究人员分享数据时更加透明，并加强与独立的事实核查人员的合作。“我们不希望平台本身成为真相的仲裁者。” Jourová这样说道。

The Chinese-owned video-sharing app TikTok has become the latest company to sign the code of practice, the commission said, joining the likes of Facebook, Google, Twitter and Mozilla.

欧盟委员会说，中共所有的视频分享应用软件抖音已加入了脸书，谷歌，推特和Mozilla等公司的行列，成为最新签署该业务守则的公司。

编辑：【喜马拉雅战鹰团】Edited by：【Himalaya Hawk Squad】