A policy or system of segregation or discrimination on grounds of races.
History
The controversial 1913 Land Act, passed three years after South Africa gained their independence, marked the beginning of territorial segregation by forcing black Africans to live in reserves and making it illegal for them to work as sharecroppers.
Their Goal In Mind
In 1948, the Afrikaner National Party won the general election under the slogan “apartheid”. Their goal was not only to separate South Africa’s white minority from its non-white majority, but also to separate non-whites from each other, and to divide black South Africans along tribal lines in order to decrease their political power.
This Policy in South Africa was from 1948 to 1994.
Some eighty-seven percent of the land was reserved for whites. They only had 20% of the population.
Laws
- Blacks could not live or work in white areas unless they had a pass
- The Separate Amenities Act of 1953 created, separate buses, hospitals, schools and universities.
- Public beaches, Trains, and buses were segregated.
- Blacks were not allowed to employ whites.
- Black police were not allowed to arrest whites.
- Black were not allowed to but hard liquor
- Non-whites had to carry identity documents (passbooks)
ANC (American National Congress)
The ANC originally attempted to use nonviolent protests to end apartheid, however, the Sharpeville massacre (300 cops took fire) resulted in the deaths of 69 black Africans and 186 injured. contributed to deteriorating relations with the South African government.
