Agriculture Project ISaiah BAken

First Agricultural Revolution

The First Agricultural Revolution, also known as the Neolithic Revolution, is the transformation of human societies from hunting and gathering to farming. This transition occurred worldwide between 10,000 BC and 2000 BC, with the earliest known developments taking place in the Middle East.

Second Agricultural Revolution

The second agricultural revolution is generally said to have occurred along with the Industrial Revolution. It came about in part because of the Industrial Revolution and it helped allow the Industrial Revolution to happen. The second agricultural revolution was based on a greater use of technology. Farms could now be managed like factories that transform chemical fertilizer into outputs of monoculture crops like corn. This enabled farmers to bring mechanical efficiency and the factory’s economies of scale to agriculture.

Third Agricultural Revolution

The third agricultural revolution, beginning approximately 250 years after the start of the second, has three distinctive features. The first is the removal of the lines distinguishing agriculture as primary, secondary, and tertiary activities. Farmers and agriculturists now engage one or more, including the primary activity of crop production, some sort of secondary activity such as manufacturing or processing the crops, and tertiary activities such as marketing and advertising their products through co-ops and other marketing organizations. The second distinctive feature of this agricultural revolution is more intensive mechanization; biotechnology is the third. Mechanization began replacing animal and human labor in the United States during the late nineteenth century. After World War II, mechanization spread to Europe and other parts of the world. Machines have gotten larger, more powerful, and more efficient.

Genetically Modified Organisms

A GMO (genetically modified organism) is the result of a laboratory process where genes from the DNA of one species are extracted and artificially forced into the genes of an unrelated plant or animal. The foreign genes may come from bacteria, viruses, insects, animals or even humans. some pros are 1. Seeds are genetically changed for multiple reasons, which include improving resistance to insects and generating healthier crops, according to Healthline.com. This can lower risk of crop failure, and make crops better resistant to extreme weather. 2. Engineering can also eliminate seeds and produce a longer shelf life, which allows for the "safe transport to people in countries without access to nutrition-rich foods." Some cons are 1. Food allergies in children under 18 spiked from 3.4 percent in 1997-99 to 5.1 percent in 2009-11, according to the National Center for Health Statistics, though it bears noting that there's no conclusive scientific link to GMO foods. 2. GMOs can pose significant allergy risks, according to a Brown University study. Genetic enhancements often combine proteins not contained in the original organism, which can cause allergic reactions for humans. For example, if a protein from an organism that caused an allergic reaction is added to something that previously didn't, it may prompt a new allergic reaction.

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Isaiah Baken
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