新闻来源:Bloomberg《彭博社》July 2, 2020 / 2020年7月2日
翻译/简评:Jam;校对:InAHurry;Page:拱卒
简评:
今年六月份的强降雨以及其引发洪涝灾害给中共国华南地区的城市造成了巨大的损失,粮食减产,百姓流离失所。彭博社把中共国今年尤为突出的洪涝灾害归咎于全球气候变暖,但我们都知道这不只因为气候变化产生的极端天气,中共高层拍脑袋决定的不合理规划更是重要原因之一,如过度修筑水坝,填湖造房,点海造地等。此外,中共改革开放的三,四十年其实是经济大跃进的三,四十年,所谓的经济发展是以不可挽回的环境污染,生态破坏为代价的。我们现在已经渐渐意识到了应该好好反思自己的行为,从其中吸取教训并积极改正。很可惜,中共永远不会把人民的生活,健康作为政策考量的重点。中共只有在能展现中国共产党领导下的大国形象时,才会华丽转身,成为解决世界气候变暖等环境问题的积极倡导者。今年长江的洪峰还没有到来,借着华南地区6月的洪涝灾害大谈世界气候变暖根本就是隔靴搔痒。三峡的问题迫在眉睫,但中共高层却对这即将可能发生的巨大人道灾再次采取难避而不谈的态度,这才是重点。
原文:
China’s Worsening Floods Highlight Extreme Weather Threat
中共国日益严重的洪灾凸显极端天气威胁
(Bloomberg) -- Weeks of torrential rain in southern China have left millions of people without homes and caused billions of yuan in economic losses, with environmental groups warning the extreme floods are likely to become more common.
(彭博社)-- 华南地区持续的大量降雨造成了上百万百姓流离失所和将近数十亿的经济损失。数个环保组织警告这样的洪涝灾害很有可能会变得更普遍。
By late June, more than 12 million people across 13 provinces had been affected, according to China’s Ministry of Emergency Management. The floods have killed 78 people, damaged 97,000 homes and caused 25 billion yuan ($3.6 billion) in economic losses, it said.
6月下旬,根据中国疾控中心报道,总共有十三个省超过120万的人口受灾。洪水已经使78人丧生,9万7千房屋受损,造成经济损失250亿元人民币(合计36亿美元)。
Videos that circulated on social media showed houses collapsing, cars afloat and crops dying in muddy, flooded fields. Multiple cities in southern China also suffered infrastructure damage. In Yangshuo, an arch bridge was almost completely underwater while roads and a railway track in Chongqing near the Qi River were submerged.
在社交媒体上流传的视频展示了,房屋坍塌,汽车在水上漂浮,农作物在泥泞的,水淹的地里被淹死的画面。华南地区很多城市的基础设施也遭到了多少破坏。在阳朔,一个拱桥几乎完全被浸没在水里,还有在重庆綦江附近的公路和火车铁轨也被淹没在水里。
China has struggled to contain flooding in its low-lying plains for millennia and uses dikes, polders, dams and other features to manage the surges in water levels. But more unpredictable weather has made the task harder, endangering the lives of millions who live along the rivers, and environmentalists warn that more suffering will occur unless measures are taken to make infrastructure more resilient and tackle climate change globally.
几千年来,中国一直在努力将洪水保持在低洼平原,并用围垦修筑堤坝来阻止洪水泛滥并将预防水位的激增。但越来越多反复无常的天气使这项任务变得更加艰巨,威胁着长江两岸定居的千万生命。环境专家警告说,除非加固基础设施还有在全球范围内应对气候变暖,否则会造成更多的灾难。
“The devastating floods that we have seen are consistent with an increase in extreme weather events due to climate change,” said Liu Junyan, a Greenpeace East Asia campaigner. “There is an urgent need to strengthen early warning systems for extreme weather events, to assess future climate risks in cities and to improve flood management systems.”
“我们现在看到的毁灭性洪水与由气候变化引发的极端天气的增加是一致的,” 东亚绿色和平组织的运动者刘俊彦(音译)说到,“加强针对极端天气的早期预警系统的需要迫在眉睫,这样以便于评估城市未来气候风险和改善抗洪系统。”
The frequency of both extreme precipitation and high temperature events driven by climate change has risen steadily over the past six decades, according to a report published by China Meteorological Administration in 2019.
根据中国气象局2019年发布的公告,在过去六十年里,因气候变化导致的极端天气和高温事件发生频率在逐步上升。
This year’s floods are having an impact on commodities from agriculture to energy. At least 80,000 hectares of crops including rice, vegetables and fruits have been damaged in Hubei province, according to the local emergency management office. Early summer is an important time for rice to grow and if the flowers are washed away, experts say output will decrease significantly this year. Meanwhile the heavy rains are resulting in increased hydropower generation, reducing demand for coal.
今年洪水正在影响从农业到能源的大宗商品。根据当地应急管理办公室称,湖北省至少八万公顷的作物受损,包括水稻,蔬菜,水果。初夏是水稻生长的重要时期,专家称,如果花被洪水冲走,今年产量会大幅度受损。同时,大雨会导致水电发电量的增加,从而减少对煤炭的需求。
There have been five rounds of heavy rainfall in China’s southern provinces since early June, prompting the National Meteorological Center to issue severe rainstorm alerts for almost every day of the month. According to the agency, there will be two more rounds of heavy rain in the coming days. In late June, at least 25 major rivers exceeded flood alert levels.
自从六月初,在华南地区的省份已经有了五轮大量降雨,促使国家气候中心几乎每天都发布强降雨警告。据该机构报道,未来几天还有两轮强降雨。六月下旬,至少有25条主要河流超过了预警水线。
Although some of the affected regions generally suffer damage from rainfall every year, this year’s accumulated precipitation is double to triple the usual level, according to Chen Tao, the chief weather forecaster at China’s National Meteorological Center.
中国国家气象中心首席天气预报员陈涛称,尽管有些地方每年都受到降雨造成的破坏,但今年的累积降水量是以往的两到三倍。
Sea Levels
海平面
The global rise in sea levels, which scientists say is caused by warming temperatures, is also threatening many Chinese cities. According to the environmental ministry, the average rate of sea level rise along China’s coast was 3.4 millimeters per year between 1980 and 2019, faster than the global average. In 2019, the sea level along China’s coast was 72 millimeters higher than normal, said the ministry.
全球海平面上升,科学家称是由于气温升高引起的,这也威胁着中国许多城市。根据环境部的数据,1980年至2019年,中共国沿海地区平均海平面上升速度为每年3.4毫米,比全球平均水平快。环境部说,2019年,中共国沿海海平面上升速度比正常高出了72毫米。
A study this year showed that China’s Pearl River Delta, the country’s manufacturing hub and home to tens of millions of people, is the world’s most at-risk urban center from rising sea levels and could be under at least 67 centimeters of water by the year 2100 unless measures are taken to stop it.
今年的一项研究表明,中国珠江三角地区是中共国的制造中心和千万居民的家园,时世界上最容易受到海平面上升影响的城市中心。如果不采取控制措施阻止,到2100年可能达到至少在水下67厘米。
Besides climate change, decades of economic development and urbanization which involve reclaiming land from lakes and wetlands have also increased the amount of damage natural disasters can incur. Wuhan, once known as the “city of 100 lakes,” has seen most of the 127 lakes that existed in 1980s now lost to reclaimed land, and it now faces one of China’s most serious urban flooding problems.
除了气候的变化,数十年的经济发展以及城市化进程伴随着无数将湖泊和湿地改造成土地的计划,这些也增加了自然灾害可能造成的破坏性。武汉, 曾被称为“百湖之城”,在上世纪80年代还记载了多达着127个湖泊,但现在大部分都已被填海造地所取代,它现在面临着中共国最严重的城市内涝灾害之一。
“Human activities have destroyed the rivers, lakes, forest and any form of natural ‘protections’ to fight floods,” said Yu Jianfeng, founder of Public Culture Center of Environmental Protection for Rivers, a non-profit organization based in Chongqing. “It’s time for us to set principles on how we develop and we need to leave enough natural reservoirs to our cities to reduce the damage of floods.”
“人类活动已经破坏了无数的河流,湖泊,森林以及任何抵御洪水的天然设施”,河流环境保护文化中心 - 一个重庆的公益组织的发起者余剑锋(音译)这样说道, “是时候让我们制定我们发展的原则了,我们需要给我们的城市留下足够的天然水库以抵抗洪水的破坏。”
编辑:【喜马拉雅战鹰团】Edited by:【Himalaya Hawk Squad】