Environmental policies

Supporting Rwanda to implement the Convention on Biological Diversity

Rwanda ratified the Nagoya Protocol on Access to Genetic Resources and Fair and Equitable Sharing of Benefits Arising from their Utilization on October 12, 2014. We advised the government on the legal parameters of developing and implementing a legal and institutional framework to act as a roadmap to the successful implementation of the Protocol, thereby contributing to one of the key objectives of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD).

Providing Expertise on implementing the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species in Lesotho

Lesotho ratified the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) on 1 October 2004 but has not enacted legislation for the implementation of the Convention. An analysis (conducted by the Department of Environment of Lesotho) of the status of CITES implementation in the country indicated gaps in the issuance of export permits by the Management Authority without consulting the Scientific Authority and the lack of a monitoring mechanism to ensure that permit conditions are met. We helped Lesotho to review its draft legislation, closing the identified gaps that were hindering the effective implementation of the Convention domestically.

Supporting the development of an environmental law framework in Afghanistan

We provided technical and legal expertise in the development of a report that reviewed Afghanistan's existing environmental law framework and further gave recommendations to accompany a road map to produce the next edition of Afghanistan’s State of the Environment report. The report will assist Afghanistan in examining the following seven sectors of environmental law: environmental impact assessment, water management, climate change, biodiversity and ecosystems, agriculture, forests and range-land, and chemicals and waste management.

Climate action

Supporting the climate change bill in Fiji

Fiji is one step closer to completing a comprehensive framework that will guide its response to climate change. At the request of the Government of Fiji, we reviewed the country's draft climate change bill which is expected to be tabled before the Parliament in 2020. The Bill will implement Fiji’s international commitments to addressing climate change.

Providing support in implementation of the Montreal Protocol

We advised Bhutan, Namibia, and Saint Vincent & Grenadines on possible revisions to its draft legislation relating to the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer and in particular, the Kigali Amendment. Advise was related to tightening import licensing and quota systems to phasedown hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), implementing efficient data reporting systems for both hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) and HFCs, and monitoring and reducing the production and consumption of HFCs. Discussions on legal readiness for the Kigali Amendment were held with 11 countries in the Southern African Development Community of the African Anglophone Network and 11 more in the South Asia Network.

Environmental diplomacy

Enhancing the capacity of prosecutors on environmental law

Many lawyers and judges in practice today do not have the opportunity or possibility to study or train in environmental law. Alongside custom officials and police (enforcement officers), they need to be informed, trained and kept updated on the principles and trends of environmental rule of law, as well as on implementation skills and tactics useful to their work. We convened an all-women panel to share expertise on how judicial actors such as prosecutors can contribute to reducing the gap between the proliferation of environmental laws and their implementation. The panel was composed of Raquel Dodge, Prosecutor General of the Republic of Brazil; Ivana Farina, Former Attorney General of the State of Goiás in Brazil and current Secretary for Human Rights and Collective Defense, Brazil National Council of Prosecutors; Inger Andersen, Executive Director, UNEP; and Elizabeth Mrema, currently Acting Director of the CBD. The panelists agreed that there is a need to equip such enforcement officers with the resources, skills, knowledge, and networks to overcome environmental law enforcement barriers and to share lessons and experiences with counterparts in other parts of the world.

Promoting knowledge and skills of negotiators of multilateral environmental agreements

In collaboration with the University of Eastern Finland, we successfully launched the Sixteenth Joint Annual UNEP-University of Eastern Finland MEA Course, with a theme on 'Emerging Issues in International Environmental Law'. The course sought to empower current and future negotiators of multilateral environmental agreements (MEAs) on how to address emerging legal responses to perceived gaps in international environmental law. The course provided a forum to foster North-South co-operation and to take stock of recent developments in multilateral negotiations as well as in the implementation of MEAs and diplomatic practices in the international environmental arena. Several participants including government officials from the Ministries of Environment and Foreign Affairs, academia, international and national governmental organizations, and non-governmental organizations enrolled for the course.

We collaborated with the Arab Organization for Agricultural Development and the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) Secretariat to enhance the capacity of government officials from the Arab region on how to effectively negotiate and participate in intergovernmental environmental negotiations with a focus on the CBD. Government officials and negotiators from 10 countries in the region received training on environmental law and diplomacy. The participating countries recognized the importance of enhanced coordination of their interests in the implementation of the CBD – especially on the roadmap to the adoption of the Post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework.

Building capacities of legal professionals in environmental law

We sponsored the Conference of the Association of Environmental Law Lecturers in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) Universities in Settat (Morocco), bringing together leading environmental law scholars, practitioners, and policy leaders, to discuss legal innovations and approaches for addressing climate change impacts in the MENA region. Particular attention was paid to the next steps, including the development of an environmental law curriculum for universities in the region, the collaboration with police and judiciary for better enforcement of environmental law and the organization of a side-event featuring presentations by environmental law researchers on the occasion of the third conference of the Association (scheduled to take place in Kuwait City on 4 and 5 November 2020).

Implementing international environmental agreements by Parliaments

We worked with the Inter-Parliamentary Union to support the Parliaments of Burundi and Zimbabwe to build their capacity to formulate and review relevant legislation on climate change, and also to provide better oversight to the countries on the negotiation and implementation of international environmental agreements and climate change goals. Government officials from Timor-Leste and Nepal were trained on how to effectively participate in intergovernmental climate negotiations.

The Montevideo V Programme

Starting a decade of action on environmental law

We supported the negotiation of the Fifth Montevideo Programme for the Development and Periodic Review of Environmental Law (Montevideo Programme V), which was adopted at the fourth session of the United nations Assembly (UNEA 4) in March 2019. The Montevideo V programme is a ten-year intergovernmental programme beginning January 2020, which will support the promotion and implementation of the environmental rule of law. This will further strengthen the capacity of countries to contribute to the environmental dimension of the 2030 Agenda.

The first global environmental rule of law report

UNEP published the first-ever global assessment of environmental rule of law, revealing how weak enforcement of environmental law is a global trend that is exacerbating environmental threats. Unfortunately, the trend is on-going despite the prolific growth in environmental laws and agencies worldwide over the last four decades. Despite a 38-fold increase in environmental laws put in place since 1972, failure to fully implement and enforce these laws is one of the greatest challenges to mitigating climate change, reducing pollution, and preventing widespread species and habitat loss. The report captured the global trends of and opportunities for countries and partners to strengthen the environmental rule of law.

Multilateral Environmental Agreements and their governing bodies

Strengthening Programmatic Support to the Multilateral Environmental Agreements

We worked in close cooperation with the MEAs by coordinating preparations for the meetings of the Conferences of Parties of the Basel, Rotterdam and Stockholm Conventions (BC COP-14, RC COP-9, and SC COP-9), the 18th Conference of Parties of Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES), 14th Conference of Parties to the UN Convention on Combating Desertification (UNCCD) and the 3rd Conference of Parties of the Minamata Convention on Mercury. To strengthen programmatic cooperation and coordination among UNEP and MEAs, we facilitate dialogue between the MEA secretariats both at the focal point and higher levels.

We analyzed the performance and implementation of the MEAs in Rwanda, Gambia, and Vietnam by utilizing the Environmental Conventions Index to measure and assess actions taken by the parties to implement the globally agreed environmental goals. The analysis focused on 6 conventions in 2 thematic clusters, namely; Biodiversity cluster (Ramsar Convention, World Heritage Convention, Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species and Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species) and Chemicals and Waste cluster (Basel Convention and Stockholm Convention).

Supporting the Implementation of Multilateral Environmental Agreements through Capacity Building

UNEP is gearing up to roll out the third phase of the ACP MEAs programme, which focuses to build the national and institutional capacities of the 79 African, Caribbean, and the Pacific countries involved in the implementation of the MEAs in the biodiversity, governance, chemicals and waste clusters. In 2019, we convened an inception workshop in Brussels with the ACP Secretariat and the European Commission to discuss and identify areas of collaboration among the different partners. This led to the approval of nine implementing partners for the third phase, namely, the African Union Commission, Caribbean Community Secretariat (CARICOM), the Pacific Regional Environment Programme (SPREP), Nairobi Convention, Abidjan Convention, Noumea Convention, Cartagena Convention, the European Environmental Bureau, and UNEP, to implement the activities for the third phase. We successfully secured funding a total amount of 17.4 Million US dollars from the European Commission to finance the third phase of the programme.

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Offering national level support for synergies among biodiversity-related conventions

We trained government officials from the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) countries and guided dialogues among them on how to better position themselves in negotiations of the global biodiversity framework at the CBD COP15. UNEP-WCMC produced a compendia of guidance on synergies among biodiversity-related conventions at the national level, as a guide for the national stakeholders to enhance and coherently implement the framework, including other MEAs that they parties to. The compendia guides on how to capture, manage and use data and information to strengthen their mechanisms and institutions to implement the biodiversity framework.

UNEA Resolution 2/17 mandates UNEP to facilitate the cooperation of, the collaboration of, and synergies among biodiversity-related conventions and governments, hence promoting collaboration towards the Post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF) and its roadmap to CBD CoP 15.  We provided strategic insights and technical support in the global consultation processes on the development and implementation of the Post 2020 GBF.

In collaboration with the InforMEA programme, we worked with the UNEP-WCMC to develop and roll-out a new tool that enhances synergies in national reporting among MEAs. The Data and Reporting Tool for MEAs (DaRT) creates collective working spaces at the national level in sharing information and interlinking global and regional targets among different MEAs. So far, at the national and regional levels, the DaRT has been rolled out in nine African countries.

Ratification and implementation of the Nagoya Protocol

Supporting the development of access and benefit sharing frameworks

We supported the Central African Forests Commission (COMIFAC) member countries to ratify and implement the Nagoya Protocol by providing legal advice on the establishment of legal, policy, and Access and Benefit Sharing (ABS) frameworks. The COMIFAC countries (Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, the Republic of Congo, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Rwanda and Sao Tomé and Principe) reviewed their institutional frameworks, laws, policies, and regulations, and amended their national laws to reflect the requirements of the Access and Benefit Sharing of genetic resources framework. Our support were as follows:

The Central African Republic and the Republic of Equatorial Guinea

The Central African Republic and the Republic of Equatorial Guinea recently ratified the Nagoya Protocol on Access to Genetic Resources and the Fair and Equitable Sharing of Benefits Arising from their Utilization. In addition, five participating countries: Chad, the Central African Republic, Rwanda, Sao Tome and Principe, and Equatorial Guinea successfully developed their national strategy and action plan on Access and Benefit Sharing.

The Republic of Gabon

We provided technical support to the Republic of Gabon on the implementation of its national strategy and action plan on access to genetic resources and the fair and equitable sharing of benefits. The country successfully designated its Access and Benefit Sharing Competent National Authority and identified checkpoints for monitoring the circulation of biological and genetic resources.

The Democratic Republic of Congo

In order to create greater legal certainty and transparency for both providers and users of genetic resources under the Nagoya Protocol, we submitted a full fledged project proposal of USD 2 Million to the Global Environment Facility Secretariat. The project was approved to support the effective implementation of ABS and Valorization of Botanical (Medicinal, Cosmetic and Nutraceutical) plants in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

Bangladesh

We drafted a Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) integrated financing roadmap for Bangladesh in 2018 which has been instrumental in guiding significant financing in accelerating the implementation of the SDGs in Bangladesh. As a result, in August 2019, a data-user-producer workshop was organized by UNDP and the Government of Bangladesh, with the participation of policy-makers, planners and environmental stakeholders, statisticians and data producers, to support the country to regularly produce comprehensive sets of environmental statistics that integrate SDGs/MEAs-related data.

Sustainable management and conservation of wildlife

We host the Secretariat of the African Elephant Fund (AEF), which provides financial support to the African Elephant range states to implement the African Elephant Action Plan (AEAP). We fund-raised approximately 600,000 US dollars from its donor States (France, Germany, Belgium and the Netherlands) to support the range states to effectively implement the African Elephant Action Plan. The Fund also spearheaded the implementation of 24 projects across the restored elephant habitats and migratory corridors with an aim to protect elephant habitats, and mitigate human-wildlife conflicts and reduce elephant poaching.

In July 2019, the AEF held a workshop with the African Elephant Specialist Group (AfESG) of IUCN in Pretoria, South Africa, which gathered technical inputs, knowledge, and reframing of the African Elephant Action Plan. These technical inputs were further reviewed by the Range States and additional inputs provided in November 2019 for assessment by the AEF Steering Committee during its 12th meeting. In the margins of the CITES COP 18, the AEF Secretariat convened two range States meetings and a side-event to discuss further the possible review of AEAP, and a side-event which presented case studies of the implementation of the AEAP in Kenya, Uganda, Namibia, Ghana, Malawi, Côte d’Ivoire, and Gabon.

The implementation of AEAP has also led to a number of positive achievements in the year 2019 which include: a biodiversity education program that helped to mitigate the conflict between farmers and elephants in Ghana; elephant dung counts and age structures estimated at Shimba hills, Mau Forest, Mt. Elgon, Mt. Kenya and Aberdares; as a result, this generated knowledge on elephant population and in tropical forests in Kenya; trained and built the capacity of Gabon Park rangers which has improved surveillance of elephants in Gabon and reduced poaching incidences among others.

Promoting biosafety

We currently support 76 countries in 6 regions to develop the abilities of individuals and institutions - nationally and globally - to register, update and access relevant information that informs biosafety decision-making systems, and to ensure that the Biosafety Clearing-House (BCH) is sustainable at national, regional and global levels and thereby implementing provisions for and international obligations of the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety.

Under a Global Environment Facility funded project, on Sustainable Capacity Building for Effective Participation in the BCH, we concluded Funding Agreements with 43 countries with the aim of consolidating and intensifying cooperation to achieve the common goal of enhancing availability and exchange of relevant information through the BCH as outlined in Strategic objective 5 of the Strategic Plan for the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety, 2011-2020.

Under these agreements, we co-organized with national governments over 60 national workshops with various groups of stakeholders with the objective to set up procedures and mechanisms needed to achieve effective participation in the BCH and establishing national procedures and operational linkages to gather information to be placed on the BCH in line with national biosafety policy and biosafety frameworks. This initiative led to 61% increase in policy actions taken by government institutions to participate in the BCH, and information structures to promote information flow and access to BCH.

Managing wastewater and biodiversity conservation through tree planting

UNEP supported six African countries to mitigate land degradation and biodiversity loss using treated wastewater for tree planting, and greening drylands, or, restoring degraded lands. The activities, funded by the Korea Forest Service, led to the development of safe disposal of wastewater while reclaiming degraded landscapes. The collaboration between the Law Division and the Korea Forest Service has also led to improved local livelihoods through jobs creation and increase in the well-being of the local population. Countries with reported impacts include:

Ghana

Through the re-afforestation efforts, 40 hectares of the total degraded land has been reclaimed through tree planting. About 5000 coconut seedlings were planted with a survival rate of about 60% of the transplanted seedlings. In addition, 300 coconut seedlings were procured and transplanted to replace some of the dead ones. Six hundred (600) coconut fruits were harvested to date.

Ethiopia

Two youth development groups, Aba Mili and Abdi Jimma, have produced 150,000 seedlings from about 40 various local trees species with support from the project, of which, 60,000 seedlings were sold and generated a total gross income of US$21,428 for the community. These seedlings were planted to restore 7.02 hectares of degraded lands.

Morocco

Morocco created a greenbelt of trees around Ouarzazate city and supported greening the surrounding drylands using treated wastewater and clean solar energy for irrigation. The success of this pilot project has encouraged national and local authorities to scale it up to restore 233 hectares of degraded drylands and to develop policies on sustainable wastewater management practices.

Burkina Faso

A milestone of the project is the enhanced collaboration for greater effectiveness of land restoration through committed government action. To combat desertification, awareness raising campaigns, empowerment of local communities and site identification have begun in three selected provinces.

Togo

A total of 18,656 plants of agroforestry trees species were distributed to local communities, were planted and 49 hectares of degraded and abandoned lands were restored. In addition, 60 hectares were restored through plantation in fragile degraded mountain landscapes.

Niger

800 and 200 seedlings of the woody tree species Azadirata indica commonly referred to as ‘neem’ were planted along the boulevard-Tanimoune and Sonuci Street respectively, greening urban landscapes of Niamey city.

Developing a framework on a training curriculum for lawyers

We partnered with the International Bar Association partnered to develop an environmental law training curriculum for private legal practitioners, to be implemented by national bar associations and law societies. The curriculum will enable lawyers to effectively enforce and implement environmental law, at both national and regional levels. The development of this curriculum is part of our objective to enhance institutional capacities and policy and legal frameworks to achieve internationally agreed environmental goals, and to further integrate environmental law training in the judicial systems.

Implementing environmental laws in Malawi and Zambia

Malawi

We collaborated with the Ministry of Natural Resources, Energy and Mining of Malawi to enhance the understanding of law enforcement agencies on environmental law as they implement a ban on thin plastics. We offered legal advisory to government officials, at a training, on the best practices on plastic ban enforcement, effective implementation of the current plastics regulation, the conduct, management and control of investigations, and the best practices for collecting and preserving evidence.

Zambia

We supported the government of Zambia to integrate environmental crime into its police and judicial training programmes. We organized a training that gave police officers and judges from Zambia an opportunity to understand the main concepts and principles of environmental law and to review the draft police training curriculum on environmental crime. The judges and police got to be empowered not only about the fundamental concepts and principles of environmental law, but also about contemporary environmental law issues such as the link between environmental law and human rights, the role of the Kyoto Protocol and the Paris Agreement, in dealing with adverse effects of climate change, and sentencing for environmental offenses.

Kenyan students learn about environmental law

In our globalized world, environmental threats require effective responses that promote peace, justice, development, and the fulfillment of environmental and human rights. We trained a group of Kenyan students on international environmental law, deliberating over its weaknesses and strengths, and how students can get more involved in tackling environmental issues. This was part of an initiative by UNEP to empower institutions, including learning institutions, on the fundamental concepts of environmental law, and to help them integrate environmental law in their curriculum.

Building judicial capacities in the Pacific

In partnership with the Supreme Court of Fiji and the Asian Development Bank, we organized an Asia-Pacific Judicial Conference on Environmental and Climate Change Adjudication in Nadi, Fiji, to strengthen the capacity of judges in the Pacific on environmental and climate change adjudication. The forum brought together 70 judges from across the Pacific to deliberate on how to advance a regional, harmonized, and rights-based approach to carrying out environmental impact assessments. We will continue to support developing countries to integrate environment and climate law into their judicial training capacity programmes.

Building the capacity of customs officers

The Green Customs Initiative

UNEP helped National Ozone Officers and customs officers from the Dominican Republic and 12 countries in Latin America to develop a customs curriculum which is expected to be finalized and rolled out in 2020. The curriculum will reflect a shift in the Green Customs Initiative strategy, to support more environmentally sustainable activities. The curriculum will further enhance the capacity of the officers to monitor and facilitate the legal trade of environmentally sensitive commodities, and to detect and prevent the illegal trade of the same, as covered by trade-related Multilateral Environmental Agreements (MEAs) and international conventions.

Addressing the illegal trade in plastic waste in the Asian region

At the request of the government of Malaysia, and in collaboration with the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) and the World Customs Organization (WCO), we trained government agencies, customs, and port authorities of Malaysia on addressing the illegal trade in plastic waste. Lack of legal provisions to cover issues relating to the illegal trade in plastic waste such as repatriation of waste was one of the challenges identified in the country. As an immediate impact of the forum, in late August 2019, the Malaysian authorities requested the government of the Netherlands to repatriate seven containers with plastic waste which were allegedly illegally shipped from the Netherlands to Malaysia.

The Asia Environmental Enforcement Awards

Both government and non-governmental officials were awarded for fighting environmental crimes at the fourth edition of the Asia Environmental Enforcement Awards, which was held in November 2019, in Bangkok. The Awards were given to individuals and teams that demonstrated excellence and leadership in enforcement of national laws to combat trans-boundary environmental crime. The Awards were given by UNEP in partnership with the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNDOC), the secretariat of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) and INTERPOL, with the financial support of the Government of Norway.

Legal and procedural support to the UN Environment Assembly, Multilateral Environmental Agreements, and the inter-governmental platforms

We provided legal and procedural support to the United Nations Environmental Assembly and its inter-sessional body, the Committee of Permanent Representatives. This included support to the fourth session of the Assembly where it adopted the ministerial declaration entitled, “Innovative solutions for environmental challenges and sustainable consumption and production” and twenty three resolutions that included the resolution on the Montevideo Programme V.

Legal and procedural support was provided to the secretariats and bureaus of many multilateral environmental agreements and inter-governmental platforms for their plenary meetings, including to the meetings of the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer, the Basel, Rotterdam and Stockholm Conventions, the Strategic Approach to International Chemicals Management, the Minamata Convention on Mercury and the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES).

Legal support was wide-ranging and included advice on procedure, voting, elections, credentials, the conclusion of donor agreements, cooperation with other inter-governmental bodies, and the implementation of decisions and resolutions. We were also instrumental in advising on arrangements for cooperation between IPBES and the Inter-governmental Panel on Climate Change.

We served as Secretariat for the Global Pact process established under General Assembly resolution 72/277, ‘Towards a Global Pact for the Environment’. We supported the successful negotiations of the working group established under that resolution, that addressed, inter alia, gaps in environmental law and environment related instruments. We provided advice and input into the recommendations of the working group that led to an important recommendation on strengthening the implementation of environment law at the national and international level and support for the Montevideo Programme V. These recommendations were adopted by consensus and endorsed by the General Assembly by resolution 73/333.

Supporting the High-Level Political Forum on sustainable development

We collaborated with the UN Office for Sustainable Development and the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, to bring together delegates and representatives of the UN system and other organizations to a forum focusing on integrated approaches to sustainable development. The forum enabled participants to develop a better understanding of inter-linkages across the Sustainable Development Goals, which would, in turn, enhance policy coherence and integrated approaches on the environmental dimension.

Strengthening the environmental dimension of the Sustainable Development Goals

Promoting coherent implementation of the environmental dimension of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

We developed a project - 'Towards coherent implementation of the environmental dimension of the SDGs' which aims to strengthen the capacity of national institutions of four countries (Bangladesh, Burkina Faso, Colombia, and Guyana) to coherently implement and monitor the environmental dimension of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. The project helped us to produce comprehensive sets of environmental statistics, data, and information that promote the integration of SDGs-related and MEAs-related data.

Colombia

We organized a forum and brought together stakeholders from the Government of Colombia, academia, and civil society to conduct a participatory analysis of the linkages between priority SDGs targets at the national level. A complete mapping of interactions among twenty targets was achieved, resulting in the proposal of SDG target clusters to advance synergies and institutional coordination to implement the SDGs in a coherent manner. Building on these results, UNEP and the Stockholm Environment Institute provided an analysis of implications for the country's new National Development Plan, with a focus on the environmental sustainability.

Guyana

We conducted an institutional mapping exercise to ascertain barriers to inter-agency data and information sharing in Guyana. The results indicated that data sharing might be impeded by a siloed approach to programme planning and policy formulation, and the absence of a national institutional framework work for inter-agency coordination. An ad-hoc working relationship between the Department of Environment and the Bureau of Statistics was initiated, on the development of a national environmental statistical system, raising awareness on the importance of the inter-institutional coordination on environmental statistics among relevant stakeholders.

Burkina Faso

The draft methodology of implementing the SDG Indicator 17.14.1, “number of countries with mechanisms in place to enhance policy coherence of sustainable development” was tested in Burkina Faso. The tool, developed by UNEP, was integrated to facilitate national cross-sectoral dialogues, and to encourage the establishment of institutional coordination mechanisms at the national level.

Promoting the chemicals and waste agenda

We guided 5 Asian countries (China, Mongolia, Sri Lanka, Thailand, and Vietnam), to review their progress and gaps in the implementation of the Basel and Stockholm Conventions in the countries. A mapping exercise of the availability and implementation of legal frameworks and institutional capacities in the countries was also done, and an interim report produced, mapping out the legal frameworks, standards, and institutional capacities to manage and control chemicals and waste, on implementing chemicals and waste related MEAs in all five countries.

Publications

OzoNews - Volume XIX: 15th October 2019 Issue; 30th September 2019 Issue; 16th September Issue; 30th August 2019 Issue; 15th August 2019 Issue; 30th August 2019 Issue; 15th November 2019 Issue; 30th November Issue

Gender and waste nexus: Main report I Policy brief

Past Annual Reports