- Social contract: an implicit agreement among the members of a society to cooperate for social benefits
- Common Good: the decision benefit most of the member of the community
- Political Party: a group of people are organized by similar political will or opinion.
- Representative Democracy: type of democracy founded on the principle of elected officials representing a group of people
- The Enlightenment: the revolutionary period which all science, culture and government has been swap to a modern form.
- John Locke: he believe humans are generally good, is the society change the people and make what they are. people have the right to revolt if government doesn't provide those right.
- Jean Jacque Rousseau: only good government was one that was freely formed and was guided by the general will of the people
- Thomas Hobbes: all individual in nature are equal, human are evil society only can run by absolute monarchy.
- Baron de Montesquieu: people are power-hungry, people are fear-driven to form societies. SEPARATION OF POWER IN GOVERNMENT.
- The Magna Carta: First drafted by the Archbishop of Canterbury to make peace between the unpopular King and a group of rebel barons, it promised the protection of church rights, protection for the barons from illegal imprisonment, access to swift justice, and limitations on feudal payments to the Crown, to be implemented through a council of 25 barons.
- The English Bill of Rights: The English Bill of Rights is an Act of the Parliament of England that deals with constitutional matters and sets out certain basic civil rights and also this is what basically America bill of Rights base on.
- Committee: A committee is a body of one or more persons that is subordinate to a deliberative assembly.
- Apportionment: measure the population of a state and arrange the Number of House of representative.
- Gerrymandering: gerrymandering is a practice intended to establish a political advantage for a particular party or group by manipulating district boundaries.
- Redistricting:Redistricting is the process of drawing electoral district boundaries in the United States.
- Expressed, Delegated Powers: The express powers of Congress are those powers granted specifically in the United States Constitution, Delegated power is the power of congress that write in constitution.
- Implied Powers: powers authorized by the Constitution that, while not stated, seem to be implied by powers expressly stated.
- Inherent Powers: powers that are necessary for a branch of government to get its job done.
- Reserved Powers: powers which are not "enumerated" (written down, assigned).
- Privileges and Immunities: prevents a state from treating citizens of other states in a discriminatory manner.
GOVERNMENT TYPE
- socialist - all the goods are controlling by the government and all the people have equal right and property
- Communist - next stage of socialist, people are share their property but there is not government control
- constitutional- government are served under a document, and the formal law are determined by the constitution
- Authoritarianism- the government have the total control of the people's aspect
- Dictatorship- the one person have the total control of the country.
School proposal activity
The important of legislative committee: Committees help to organize the most important work of Congress — considering, shaping, and passing laws to govern the nation. Each individual voice can be send to government by write a letter or give the representative of the government
Magna Carta
magna carta basically create the first treaty that between noble and kings to keep the right of Noble and baron in England. It list a lots of right include church rights, protection for the barons from illegal imprisonment, access to swift justice. also set up the council have 25 baron which decide big decision. this treat lead two big war in England. magna carta limit the power of king
English Bill of Right
English Bill of right written a 1689 become a British law. It declare the right that English people should have follow: i
- A frequently summoned Parliament and free elections
- Members should have freedom of speech in Parliament
- No armies should be raised in peacetime
- No taxes could be levied, without the authority of parliament
- Laws should not be dispensed with, or suspended, without the consent of parliament
- No excessive fines should imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted
English bill of right is what America bill of right base on, it create the right that people have and lead to a constitutional Country arise, English bill of right give power to people
Divine Right, Social Contract
The divine right of kings, divine right, or God's mandate is a political and religious doctrine of royal and political legitimacy. It asserts that a monarch is subject to no earthly authority, deriving the right to rule directly from the will of God
social contract theory is rightly associated with modern moral and political theory and is given its first full exposition and defense by Thomas Hobbes. After Hobbes, John Locke and Jean-Jacques Rousseau are the best known proponents of this enormously influential theory, which has been one of the most dominant theories within moral and political theory throughout the history of the modern West.
The Enlightenment
Thomas Hobbes : all individual in nature are equal but pessimistic about humans everyone against each other. people give up right to a leviathan. society should only run by absolute monarchy.
John Locke: Human are good, society make people become what they are. he declare nature right as Hobbes. He think state exists to preserve life. people have the right to revolt if government doesn't provide those right.
Rousseau : social contract. Rousseau argued that the only good government was one that was freely formed and was guided by the general will of the people
Rousseau: Human will end up fighting each other, he is having the similar idea as Thomas Hobbes. Human need create a social contract to live with each other.
Confederation
Colonial rule influence policy : the Colony have to pay same tax as Normal citizen do but the country did not provide same protection as the original country.
Shay's rebellion: farmer's revolution about the land money that bank learn to them. the rebellion start at 1786, it go through over 8 states, non of the states have army to protect them self. so all the state are seeking for a strong central government to prevent such thing happen.
constitutionalcovention
Delegates from all thestates nvited to a convention to improve the prticles of confederation. Hames madison father of constitution, George washing to lead over the convention.
preamble
A statement attached to the beginning of the Constitution by the Constitutional Convention, declaring the purpose of the document
3 branchedof united state government
Legislative branch: create a law
Judicital branch: check the law whather constitutional
Executive Branch: Veto the law.
Consitution amendment
- amendment 1: freedom to speak, join religion and procession.
- amendment 2: right to bear arm.
- amendment 3: there is not need to housing a soldier.
- amendment 4: police have not right to search you for no reason.
- amendment 5: people have right to keep mouse shut in Juge.
- amendment 6: Rights of Accused Persons in Criminal Cases.
- amendment 7: Rights in Civil Cases
- amendment 8: Excessive bail not be required.
- amendment 9: there is other right that people have but not list on consititution.
- amendment 10: Undelegated Powers Kept by the States and the People
Federalism
Federalism is that government power is share by different branches, each branches have differnet power andeach branches limit each other.
Credits:
Created with images by Ronile - "statue of liberty new york ny" • Informedmag - "United States Flag USA - Credit to informedmag.com" • chrgerhart - "united kingdom clock clock tower" • Stifts- och landsbiblioteket i Skara - "Thomas Hobbes" • el cajon yacht club - "Happy Constitution Day! DSC_3829"